Magnetic order in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mtext>RuCl</mml:mtext><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>: A honeycomb-lattice quantum magnet with strong spin-orbit coupling

Sears, Jennifer; Songvilay, M.; Plumb, K. W.; Clancy, J. P.; Qiu, Yiming; Zhao, Yang; Parshall, D.; Kim, Yong Baek

doi:10.1103/physrevb.91.144420

Cited by 500 publications

(509 citation statements)

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“…These results are comparable to previous studies, where the values range from θ CW,ip = 37 K to 68 K and θ CW,op = -145 K to -150 K. 11,13 The effective magnetic moment µ e f f ,ip = 2.26(1) µ B / Ru and µ e f f ,op = 2.22(1) µ B / Ru are also in the range of previously reported values (µ e f f ,ip = 2.0 -2.14 µ B / Ru and µ e f f ,op = 2.3 -2.7 µ B / Ru 11,13 ) and are much higher than the spin-only value of 1.75 µ B / Ru, thereby indicating the presence of SOC. 11,12 Upon the reductive intercalation of lithium ions into the interlayer space, the 4d 5 electron configuration of Ru 3+ changes to a 4d 6 state with S = 0 for roughly 20 % of the Ru centers in To explain this behavior, the turbostratic disorder, as observed in the in-and out-of-plane PXRD data, has to be considered next to the electron configuration. Since the symmetry relation between the in-plane and the stacking direction is lifted by turbostratic disorder, no long range magnetic order can be expected outside the t-RuCl 3 single layer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl₃ Nanosheets

et al. 2016

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Spin 1 2 honeycomb materials have gained substantial interest due to their exotic magnetism and possible application in quantum computing. However, in all current materials out-of-plane interactions are interfering with the in-plane order, hence a true 2D magnetic honeycomb system is still of demand. Here, we report the exfoliation of the magnetic semiconductor α-RuCl 3 into the first halide monolayers and the magnetic characterization of the spin 1 2 honeycomb arrangement of turbostratically stacked RuCl 3 monolayers. The exfoliation is based on a reductive lithiation/hydration approach, which gives rise to a loss of cooperative magnetism due to the disruption of the spin 1 2 state by electron injection into the layers. After an oxidative treatment, cooperative magnetism similar to the bulk is restored. The oxidized pellets of restacked single layers feature a magnetic transition at T N = 7 K in the in-plane direction, while the magnetic properties in the out-of-plane direction vastly differ from bulk α-RuCl 3 . The macro- Binary halide nanosheets have been predicted based on chemical intuition 3,4 or ab initio calculations. 7 Yet, no single layer halides have been synthesized so far, even though this class of compounds features an array of interesting electrical and magnetic properties.The magnetic semiconductor α-RuCl 3 is one such example. While it was investigated in the past as a host for intercalants 8,9 and as a lithium ion conductor, 10 current research focuses on its magnetic properties. Due to its layered honeycomb structure of spin 1 2 Ru 3+ centers in combination with spin orbit coupling (SOC), it is one of the few known materials featuring a zigzag antiferromagnetic (AF) ground state below a temperature of T N1 = 8 K. [11][12][13] In the zigzag order, the magnetic moments form ferromagnetic (FM) zigzag chains, whose magnetization direction is opposed to the neighboring chains within the plane. Additionally, there is a further magnetic phase transition observed at T N2 = 14 K. The origin of this transition is currently still under debate. This type of ordering was first observed in Na 2 IrO 3 14-16 and explained by the Kitaev-Heisenberg model, 17,18 which describes that a frustrated spin 1 2 honeycomb arrangement could lead to a variety of interesting spin structures. Based on the competition among the exchange interactions up to the third neighbor, the system could possibly be pushed into a quantum spin liquid regime by the manipulation of the competing interactions, thereby opening up applications in quantum computing. 17,19 Yet, the Na + ions in the interlayer space of Na 2 IrO 3 lead to disadvantageous interactions between the iridate layers, which interfere with theoretical predictions of a honeycomb arrange-2 ment of spin 1 2 magnetic arrays. 20 Eliminating the interlayer interaction could provide a route to manipulate the spin structure of real materials featuring a spin 1 2 honeycomb arrangement. In RuCl 3 , where no charged ions are in between the honeycomb layers, the interlayer in...

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Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl₃ Nanosheets

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“…Interplay of spin-orbital couplings, Hubbard interactions, and Hund's coupling gives rise to an effective spin-1/2 quantum compass model [15][16][17][18][19][20] . Although zigzag type magnetic ordering was found at low temperatures in these systems because of the existence of non-Kitaev terms [21][22][23][24] , proximate Kitaev spin liquid behaviors are manifested by fermionic and continuum-like excitations observed in inelastic neutron and Raman scatterings 10,[25][26][27] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-pressure magnetization and NMR studies of α−RuCl3

et al. 2017

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We report high-pressure magnetization and 35 Cl NMR studies on α-RuCl3 with pressure up to 1.5 GPa. At low pressures, the magnetic ordering is identified by both the magnetization data and the NMR data, where the TN shows a concave shape dependence with pressure. These data suggest stacking rearrangement along the c-axis. With increasing pressure, phase separation appears prominently at P ≥ 0.45 GPa, and the magnetic volume fraction is completely suppressed at P ≥ 1.05 GPa. Meanwhile, a phase-transition-like behavior emerges at high pressures in the remaining volume by a sharp drop of magnetization M (T ) upon cooling, with the transition temperature Tx increased to 250 K at 1 GPa. The 1/ 35 T1 is reduced by over three orders of magnitude when cooled below 100 K. This characterizes a high-pressure, low-temperature phase with nearly absent static susceptibility and low-energy spin fluctuations. The nature of the high-pressure ground state is discussed, where a magnetically disordered state is proposed as a candidate state.

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“…This includes the socalled Jackeli-Khaliullin-Kitaev (JKK) materials, a family of systems in which these magnetic ions occupy sites with three-fold coordination in a structure with edgesharing octahedra. [2][3][4] Significant experimental effort has been devoted to study JKK materials on the two-dimensional honeycomb lattice sturture [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and on the three-dimensional trivalent lattice structures in the harmonic honeycomb family. [12][13][14][15] The motivation behind this flurry of experimental activity is the possibility of realizing the Kitaev quantum spin liquid 2,3 because these lattice geometries promote the dominance of the Kitaev interactions between magnetic moments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kitaev-Heisenberg model in a magnetic field: Order-by-disorder and commensurate-incommensurate transitions

et al. 2017

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We present a theoretical study of field-induced magnetic phases in the honeycomb KitaevHeisenberg model, which is believed to describe the essential physics of Mott insulators with strong spin-orbit coupling such as A2IrO3 and α-RuCl3. We obtain rich finite temperature phase diagram in which the competition between the Zeeman coupling and thermal fluctuations gives rise to both collinear zigzag phases and non-coplanar magnetic orders. Our large-scale classical MonteCarlo simulations also unveil intriguing commensurate-incommensurate transitions and multiple-Q incommensurate phases at high field. Experimental implications are also discussed.

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Magnetic order inα−RuCl3: A honeycomb-lattice quantum magnet with strong spin-orbit coupling

Cited by 500 publications

References 44 publications

Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl₃ Nanosheets

Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl₃ Nanosheets

High-pressure magnetization and NMR studies of α−RuCl3

Kitaev-Heisenberg model in a magnetic field: Order-by-disorder and commensurate-incommensurate transitions

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Magnetic order inα−RuCl3: A honeycomb-lattice quantum magnet with strong spin-orbit coupling

Cited by 500 publications

References 44 publications

Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl3 Nanosheets

Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl3 Nanosheets

High-pressure magnetization and NMR studies of α−RuCl3

Kitaev-Heisenberg model in a magnetic field: Order-by-disorder and commensurate-incommensurate transitions

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Product

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Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl₃ Nanosheets

Magnetic Properties of Restacked 2D Spin 1/2 honeycomb RuCl₃ Nanosheets