Magnetic properties and heating efficacy of magnesium doped magnetite nanoparticles obtained by co-precipitation method

Abstract

Ferrofluids based on magnesium substituted magnetite nanoparticles Mg x Fe 3−x O 4 (x = 0.1; 0.2; 0.4) were synthesised by a chemical co-precipitation method. Their physical properties have been compared with those of the magnetite based ferrofluid obtained by the same synthesis route. Both XRD and TEM studies showed particle size decrease with the increased Mg content while DLS experiments pointed to the more prominent aggregation of Mg-containing nanoparticles. Magnetic properties investigation conducted on the powder (i.e. dried) specimens showed decrease of magnetization values with increased Mg content except for the lowest concentration of x = 0.1 where substantial saturation magnetization rise of about 40% was recorded at room temperature. Heating abilities of the studied ferrofluids under the applied AC fields (SAR values) also showed decreasing trend with the increased Mg content even for x = 0.1 sample despite its elevated magnetization value. This trend has been understood as a consequence of the changed intrinsic nanoparticle properties such as size and magnetic anisotropy, as well as contribution of a collective behaviour due to an increased nanoparticle aggregation in Mgdoped systems.

A Ferrofluid with Surface Modified Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and High ROS Production

“…A possible explanation can be associated with a greater number of large grains in the uncoated samples [27], which also increases the magnetic saturation and coercivity in the hysteresis loop of Figure 4a, and, conversely, the catechol coating avoids that clusterization due to negative electrostatic repulsions of hydroxyl groups formed around the Fe 3 O 4 [23]. Other possible physical explanations must be explored considering changes in the anisotropic energy of both presentations of MNPs (coated and uncoated) [15] and/or the possible existence of exchange interactions [28]. Indeed, several authors have observed the same magnetic modulating phenomenon with catechol-derived coatings [15,17,29,30].…”

Spinel Iron Oxide by the Co-Precipitation Method: Effect of the Reaction Atmosphere

“…However, the morpho-structural features and the magnetic properties of such materials are strongly dependent on the synthesis method used. Accordingly, several synthesis methods have been reported in the literature such as sol-gel [11], thermal decomposition [12,13], microemulsion [14], and co-precipitation [15][16][17][18]. Among them, co-precipitation is one of the most used methods due to the favorable synthetic conditions (i.e., high reaction yield, safe and inexpensive precursors and solvent).…”

Improvements in the Organic-Phase Hydrothermal Synthesis of Monodisperse MxFe3–xO4 (M = Fe, Mg, Zn) Spinel Nanoferrites for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia Application

“…For instance, ILP values of 3.8 and 1.75 nH m 2 kg –1 have been reported for Fe 3 O 4 NPs . Kusigerski et al achieved an ILP value of 0.57 nH m 2 kg –1 for Mg 0.1 Fe 2.9 O 4 NPs, which is slightly higher than that of the Mg 0.13 Fe 2.87 O 4 nanoferrites prepared by our group . Kallumadil et al investigated the heating potentials of commercially available iron oxide ferrofluids supplied by different companies with different iron contents, nanocrystallinity, and hydrodynamic diameter ( d h ).…”

“… 74 Kusigerski et al 77 achieved an ILP value of 0.57 nH m 2 kg –1 for Mg 0.1 Fe 2.9 O 4 NPs, which is slightly higher than that of the Mg 0.13 Fe 2.87 O 4 nanoferrites prepared by our group. 7500 Kallumadil et al investigated the heating potentials of commercially available iron oxide ferrofluids supplied by different companies with different iron contents, nanocrystallinity, and hydrodynamic diameter ( d h ). Calorimetric measurements recorded at 900 kHz with a field amplitude of 5.66 kA/m revealed ILP values ranging from 0.15 to 3.1 nH m 2 kg –1 (Resovist, ILP ≈ 3.1, d h : 60 nm, carboxy dextran–Fe 3 O 4 ).…”