Magnetic properties of hard magnetic (Fe,Cr)<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>2</sub> intermetallic compound

Goll, D.; Loeffler, Ralf B.; Herbst, J. F.; Frey, C. F.; Goeb, S.; Grubesa, Tvrtko; Hohs, Dominic; Kopp, A.; Pflanz, Ulrich; Stein, R.; Schneider, Gerhard

doi:10.1002/pssr.201510243

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Several phase diagrams of material systems have been constructed using different combinatorial approaches [23,24], e.g. thin film deposition [25] and bulk high-throughput techniques, such as reactive diffusion method [26], and reactive crucible melting [7,[27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: B Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the magnetocrystalline anisotropy ofFe3Snby alloying

et al. 2019

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The electronic structure, magnetic properties and phase formation of hexagonal ferromagnetic Fe 3 Sn-based alloys have been studied from first principles and by experiment. The pristine Fe 3 Sn compound is known to fulfill all the requirements for a good permanent magnet, except for the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE). The latter is large, but planar, i.e. the easy magnetization axis is not along the hexagonal c direction, whereas a good permanent magnet requires the MAE to be uniaxial. Here we consider Fe 3 Sn 0.75 M 0.25 , where M= Si, P, Ga, Ge, As, Se, In, Sb, Te and Bi, and show how different dopants on the Sn sublattice affect the MAE and can alter it from planar to uniaxial. The stability of the doped Fe 3 Sn phases is elucidated theoretically via the calculations of their formation enthalpies. A micromagnetic model is developed in order to estimate the energy density product (BH) max and coercive field µ 0 H c of a potential magnet made of Fe 3 Sn 0.75 Sb 0.25 , the most promising candidate from theoretical studies. The phase stability and magnetic properties of the Fe 3 Sn compound doped with Sb and Mn has been checked experimentally on the samples synthesised using the reactive crucible melting technique as well as by solid state reaction. The Fe 3 Sn-Sb compound is found to be stable when alloyed with Mn. It is shown that even small structural changes, such as a change of the c/a ratio or volume, that can be induced by, e.g., alloying with Mn, can influence anisotropy and reverse it from planar to uniaxial and back.

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Section: B Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the magnetocrystalline anisotropy ofFe3Snby alloying

et al. 2019

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“…4 Possible candidate materials for a rare-earth-free permanent magnet are FeSn based alloys. 5 Whereas Fe 3 Sn shows an easy-plane anisotropy, ab initio simulations show that substituting Sn by Sb may lead to uniaxial anisotropy. 6 Skomski et al 7 showed another way to create a uniaxial magnet from easy-plane materials.…”

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Effective uniaxial anisotropy in easy-plane materials through nanostructuring

Fischbacher

Kovacs

Oezelt

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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Permanent magnet materials require a high uniaxial magneto-crystalline anisotropy. Exchange coupling between small crystallites with easy-plane anisotropy induces an effective uniaxial anisotropy if arranged accordingly. Nanostructuring of materials with easy-plane anisotropy is an alternative way to create hardmagnetic materials. The coercivity increases with decreasing feature size. The resulting coercive field is about 12 percent of the anisotropy field for a crystal size of 3.4 times the Bloch parameter.PACS numbers: 75.50.Ww,75.60The growing demand for permanent magnets in energy conversion 1 triggered the search for new permanentmagnet materials 2 . Wind power as well as hybrid and electric vehicles require high-performance permanent magnets. A prerequisite for a permanent-magnetic phase is a high uniaxial magneto-crystalline anisotropy. In a material with uniaxial anisotropy work is required to rotate the magnetization out of the easy axis. When made of materials with a sufficiently high 3 magneto-crystalline anisotropy, the magnet can resist demagnetization by the self-demagnetizing field plus an additional external field up to the nucleation field. Several magnetic phases with a high magneto-crystalline anisotropy are easy-plane materials. The magnetization lies preferable in a plane perpendicular to a crystal symmetry axis. One way to make an easy-plane material uniaxial is through interstitial atoms which expand the lattice. A prominent example for this approach is Sm 2 Fe 17 N 3 where the anisotropy constant changes from K = −0.8 MJ/m 3 (easy-plane Sm 2 Fe 17 ) to K = 7

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