Magnetic Properties of the Hexagonal Ferromagnet NdCrGe₃ Showing Metamagnetic Transition and Negative Magnetocaloric Effect

Abstract

Single crystals of a hexagonal ferromagnet NdCrGe 3 with one-dimensional crystal structure are synthesized, and the magnetic properties are comprehensively investigated, exhibiting large magnetic anisotropy and complex magnetic structure. Besides the ferromagnetic transition at T C = 101 K, we observe a sharp decrease in magnetization at T = 55 K and another two phase transitions at T = 31 and 15 K. These phase transitions imply complex and anisotropic magnetic structure in NdCrGe 3 . Below T = 55 K, metamagnetic transitions and negative magnetocaloric effects are detected under H//ab. Additionally, the critical properties around T C = 101 K and the anisotropic magnetocaloric effect are investigated in detail.

Interplay of two magnetic sublattices in related compounds Sm2Mn1−xGa6−yGey (x = 0.1–0.3, y = 0.6–1.0) and Sm4MnGa12−yGey (y = 3.0–3.5) with different ordering of empty and filled (Ga,Ge)6 octahedra

“…5c), suggests a more complex ordering scheme. Similar behaviour was observed in some ternary R–T–E ferromagnets, such as NdMn 6 Sn 6 , NdMn 6 Ge 6 and NdCrGe 3 , 34–36 where magnetic moments do not align with the direction of the magnetic field upon ordering, but reorient themselves towards it upon further cooling. We propose that a similar process occurs for the Sm moments in our case as well.…”

Review on crystal structures and magnetic properties of RTX 3 materials

“…In addition, a sharp decrease in magnetization below T = 55 K and negative MCEs are reported with applied field H//ab in single crystals of NdCrGe 3 . Moreover, two additional phase transitions at T = 31 and 15 K are reported in NdCrGe 3 , indicating complex low-temperature magnetic behavior [171]. Complex magnetic behavior in the RCrGe 3 family is reported, owing to the Nd-Cr magnetic interactions and strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy.…”

“…A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t = 122 K and revealed both Cr and Nd moments are along the c axis of the hexagonal lattice [170]. Recently, a single crystals study of NdCrGe 3 reported a ferromagnetic transition at T C = 101 K; a lower transition temperature than than what was shown in the polycrystalline study [171]. In addition, a sharp decrease in magnetization below T = 55 K and negative magnetocaloric effects are reported with applied field H//ab in single crystals of NdCrGe 3 .…”

Critical behavior and magnetic entropy change of skyrmion host Co7Zn8Mn5

“…Since the Arrott plots can not appropriately describe the magnetization in Co 7 Zn 8 Mn 5 , the modified Arrott plots (MAP) are utilized to characterize the M(H) curves. For systems with a second-order FM transition, the spontaneous magnetization (M s ) below T C , the M(H) curve at T C , and the initial magnetic susceptibility (χ −1 0 ) above T C are depicted by various critical exponents β, δ, and γ, respectively [47,48], To achieve proper critical exponents, an iterative way is utilized to determine the MAP [49][50][51][52], which successfully generates a series of parallel lines in the high-field region (figure 6(b)). Linearly extrapolated M s and χ −1 0 as a function of temperature are displayed in figure 7(a).…”