Magnetic resonance chemical shift microimaging of aging human skin in vivo: initial findings

Wright, Alexander C.; Bohning, DE; Pecheny, A. P.; Spicer, Kenneth

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0846.1998.tb00087.x

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Briefly, the content of free (non‐collagen bound) water was reported in human dermis using in vivo and ex vivo methods. An increase in water content was reported for photoaged compared to non‐exposed dermis,10, 12 whereas water content for non‐exposed elderly versus young dermis ranged from no change10 to significantly higher11 in the elderly samples. The basis for these differences is uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It is likely that these modifications partially involve changes in collagen hydration. Raman spectroscopy10, 11 and MRI12, 13 have been used to study changes in collagen hydration levels due to aging and UV exposure, yielding somewhat conflicting results. Briefly, the content of free (non‐collagen bound) water was reported in human dermis using in vivo and ex vivo methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raman microspectroscopic and dynamic vapor sorption characterization of hydration in collagen and dermal tissue

et al. 2011

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Water is an integral part of collagen's triple helical and higher order structure. Studies of model triple helical peptides have revealed the presence of repetitive intrachain, interchain, and intermolecular water bridges (Bella et al., Structure 1995, 15, 893-906). In addition, an extended cylinder of hydration is thought to be responsible for collagen fiber assembly. Confocal Raman spectroscopy and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) measurements of human Type I collagen and pigskin dermis were performed to probe relative humidity (RH)-dependent differences in the nature and level of collagen hydration. Raman spectra were also acquired as a function of time for both Type I collagen and pigskin dermis samples upon exchange of a 100% RH H(2) O to deuterium oxide (D(2) O) environment. Alterations in Amide I and III modes were consistent with anticipated changes in hydrogen bonding strength as RH increased and upon H → D exchange. Of note is the identification of a Raman spectral marker (band at 938 cm(-1) ) which appears to be sensitive to alterations in collagen-bound water. Analysis of DVS isotherms provided a quantitative measure of adsorbed and absorbed water vapor consistent with the Raman results. The development of a Raman spectral marker of collagen hydration in intact tissue is relevant to diverse fields of study ranging from the evaluation of therapeutics for wound healing to hydration of aging skin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman microspectroscopic and dynamic vapor sorption characterization of hydration in collagen and dermal tissue

et al. 2011

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“…This separation can be achieved in thin slices of about 300 mm selected in the different layers (21) or by spatial phase encoding in a direction perpendicular to the skin, as described by Wright et al with a spatial resolution of 78 mm (22). Chemical information can also be phase encoded by increasing echo times to produce separate images corresponding to the different resonance frequencies (23).…”

Section: Chemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in MR imaging of the skin

2006

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MR imaging of the skin is challenging because of the small size of the structures to be visualized. By increasing the gradient amplitude and/or duration, skin layers can be visualized with a voxel size of the order of 20 mm, clearly the smallest obtained for in vivo images in a whole-body imager. Currently, the gradient strength of most commercial systems enables acquisition of such a small voxel size, and the main difficulty has thus become to achieve sufficient detection sensitivity. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be increased either by increasing the magnetic field strength or by minimizing noise with small coils; cooling copper coils or superconducting coils can enhance the SNR by a factor of 3 or more. MR imaging, because of the large number of parameters it is able to measure, can provide more than the microscopic architecture of the skin: physical parameters such as relaxation times, magnetization transfer or diffusion, and chemical parameters such as the water and fat contents or phosphorus metabolism. In spite of the amount of information they have provided to date, MR imaging and spectroscopy have had limited clinical applications, mainly because cutaneous pathologies are easily accessible to the naked eye and surgery. However, MR technologies indeed represent powerful research tools to study normal and diseased skin.

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“…Wright et al . used chemical shift imaging and observed a slightly greater concentration of free water in the skin of older subjects. In the upper part of the dermis, Richard et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo assessment of aged human skin with a unilateral NMR scanner

et al. 2015

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Human skin undergoes morphological and biochemical changes as a result of chronological aging and exposure to solar ultraviolet irradiation (photoaging). Noninvasive detection of these changes may aid in the prevention and treatment of both types of aging. This article presents a noninvasive method for the evaluation of aging skin with a unilateral stray field NMR scanner. These portable and inexpensive scanners may be suitable for in-depth skin characterization. In vivo profiles of sun-protected and sun-exposed skin from the forearms of female subjects of different ages (n = 9) were measured. Skin biopsies for histopathological examination were used as reference. T2 analysis with a bi-exponential decay model was applied and the extracted parameters were examined as markers for dermal aging. In the upper reticular dermis, a significant increase in the fraction of the slow T2 component and in the T2 value itself was found to correlate with chronological aging. For most subjects, there was an additional increase in the values of the slow T2 component and the T2 values from the sun-exposed forearm, superimposed on that measured for the sun-protected forearm. These results are in agreement with the decline in collagen content and the increase in free water content with aging. The results suggest that such a technique can be used as a tool for the assessment of aging, and that bi-exponential fitting can produce sensitive fingerprint parameters for the dermal alterations that occur during aging.

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Magnetic resonance chemical shift microimaging of aging human skin in vivo: initial findings

Abstract: Such observations are consistent with previous studies of skin aging by other techniques and show promise for CSI in dermatogerontology as a non-invasive means for determination of skin water in vivo.

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Raman microspectroscopic and dynamic vapor sorption characterization of hydration in collagen and dermal tissue

Raman microspectroscopic and dynamic vapor sorption characterization of hydration in collagen and dermal tissue

Advances in MR imaging of the skin

In vivo assessment of aged human skin with a unilateral NMR scanner

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