Magnetic resonance images of brain-stem encephalitis

Hosoda, Kohkichi; Tamaki, Norihiko; Masumura, Michio; Matsumoto, Satoshi

doi:10.3171/jns.1987.66.2.0283

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, delays in detection of the deteriorating neurological signs and in initiation of appropriate cardiopulmonary assessment and management played roles in these deaths [21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Spectrum of Enterovirus 71 Infection in Children in Southern Taiwan, with an Emphasis on Neurological Complications

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Tseng³

et al. 1999

CLIN INFECT DIS

286

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An outbreak of enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection occurred in Taiwan in 1998. The clinical spectrums and laboratory findings for 97 patients with virus culture-proven EV71 infections were analyzed. Eighty-seven percent of the patients were younger than age 5 years. Hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome occurred in 79% of the children and central nervous system (CNS) involvement in 35%, including nine fatal cases. The predominant neurological presentations were myoclonus (68%), vomiting (53%), and ataxia (35%). Brain stem encephalitis was the cardinal feature of EV71 CNS involvement during this outbreak. Magnetic resonance imaging and pathological findings illustrated that the midbrain, pons, and medulla were the target areas. EV71 brain stem encephalitis can present either with cerebellar signs and an initially mild, reversible course or with overwhelming neurogenic shock and neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) resulting in a fatal outcome. Brain stem encephalitis that progressed abruptly to neurogenic shock and NPE was indicative of poor prognosis in this epidemic. Early aggressive treatment and close monitoring of the neurological signs are mandatory to improve the chance of survival.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Spectrum of Enterovirus 71 Infection in Children in Southern Taiwan, with an Emphasis on Neurological Complications

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Tseng³

et al. 1999

CLIN INFECT DIS

286

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the scant literature on "brain stern encephalitis" in children, attention has been drawn to the possibility of death from brainstem swelling. Pseudotumoral brainstem enlargement on pneumoencephalography and CT scans has been reported in older studies and more recently using MRI in adults (5), but no recent detailed clinicoradiological correlations have been published in children. This particular radiological aspect was, however, not found on the MRI of Case 2, which showed only secondary brainstem compression due to the cerebellar edema.…”

Section: E Roulet Perez Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Fatal Parainfectious Cerebellar Swelling in Two Children. A Rare or an Overlooked Situation?

Perez

Maeder²,

Cotting³

et al. 1993

Neuropediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Changes in the course of BBE usually refer to the brainstem, sometimes with involvement of the cerebral and cerebellar peduncles; they can also affect the cerebellar hemispheres or vermis [1,13]. In individual reports, changes in the basal nuclei and thalamus were described [1,15,16]. The changes are usually reduced or disappear completely after several months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relapsing-Remitting Severe Bickerstaff’s Brainstem Encephalitis – Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryBackgroundBickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is a very rare disease of the central nervous system. Aetiology of the disease is auto-immunological. However, it is not entirely understood. Clinically BBE manifests in progressive ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and consciousness disturbances. Clinical symptoms are usually preceded by an unidentified infection of the upper respiratory tract. Usually, the disease has one phase, but individual relapses have also been described. Despite quite severe clinical symptoms, the prognosis is usually good.Case ReportThe article presents a case of a patient with relapsing-remitting severe BBE. The case is presented due to the relapsing-remitting clinical course of the disease that resulted in patient’s death, rarely described in the literature. We also present the results of subsequent MR scans in the course of the disease, so far described only in individual reports. It is also the first report in the world’s literature presenting the results of series of MR spectroscopy (MRS) examinations in the course of BBE.ConclusionsMR examination is an important component in BBE diagnostics, allowing to differentiate atypical cases and place them under special supervision due to the possibility of the severe clinical course. MR also facilitates differentiation between Miller-Fisher Syndrome (MFS) and BBE in cases of diagnostic doubts. Adding MRS and MRI to the protocol allows us to define the nature of morphological changes more accurately in patients with suspected or diagnosed BBE.

show abstract

Magnetic resonance images of brain-stem encephalitis

Abstract: The clinical and radiological findings in a case of brain-stem encephalitis are described with special emphasis on the serial magnetic resonance imaging. This pathological condition should be differentiated from brain-stem tumors, which may present with similar symptoms.

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical Spectrum of Enterovirus 71 Infection in Children in Southern Taiwan, with an Emphasis on Neurological Complications

Clinical Spectrum of Enterovirus 71 Infection in Children in Southern Taiwan, with an Emphasis on Neurological Complications

Acute Fatal Parainfectious Cerebellar Swelling in Two Children. A Rare or an Overlooked Situation?

Relapsing-Remitting Severe Bickerstaff’s Brainstem Encephalitis – Case Report and Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About