Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of cardiac cycle events in diabetic rats: the effect of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition

Al-Shafei, Ahmad I; Wise, Richard G.; Gresham, G. A.; Carpenter, T. A.; Hall, Laurance D.; Huang, Christopher L.‐H.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2001.012857

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The attenuation of cardiac pump defects in ED group was suggestive of therapeutic benefits on both the passive and active components in this study. For example, an interesting observation was noted with the exercise-induced benefits on end-diastolic volume in this study that parallel the benefits conferred by the angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor captopril in diabetes (1). The similarity between cardiac functional benefits resulting from two different modes of treatment (exercise therapy and captopril therapy) suggests a shared therapeutic mechanism, perhaps at the level of myocardium at this stage of DCM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The prevention of aberrant LV end-diastolic volume in diabetes with exercise training suggests a role for exercise in improving the compliance of diabetic LV. Confirmation of identical effect on this parameter with a drug (captopril) in diabetes, and the possibility of a shared therapeutic mechanism between drug and training in the form of reduced interstitial fibrosis (1,34) suggest that the trained group in this study might have benefited from the improvements in the passive components of cardiac pump function. Meanwhile, the exercise-induced conditioning effect might be speculated for the improvement in active components of cardiac pump function in diabetes, chiefly due to the benefits of training in improving the contractility of LV in diabetic animals (26,42).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…In addition to myocardial damage, DCM is manifested by deposition of interstitial collagen in the myocardial tissue (21,33). These pathological features compromise the normal contractility and compliance of the diabetic heart (1,22,39). DCM is also accompanied by worsening of the recovery of heart function after an ischemic insult (41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although these results suggest a favorable role for exercise training on the diabetic heart, the exercise-induced benefits on cardiac cycle events are not apparent from earlier in vitro or invasive in vivo studies. The importance of obtaining information on the effects of exercise training on the diabetic cardiac cycle events is underscored by the evidence that DCM is associated with both diastolic and systolic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, resulting in abnormalities of cardiac cycle events (1,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exercise training improves cardiac performance in diabetes: in vivo demonstration with quantitative cine-MRI analyses

Loganathan

Bilgen²,

Al-Hafez³

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise training improves cardiac performance in diabetes: in vivo demonstration with quantitative cine-MRI analyses

Loganathan

Bilgen²,

Al-Hafez³

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…One study (12 diabetic men vs. 12 control subjects) in which cardiac MRI was used to demonstrate significantly impaired diastolic function also reported nonstatistically significantly lower EDV (143 vs. 149 ml) and stroke volume (85 vs. 92 ml) (27). However, male diabetic rat ventricles assessed with MRI demonstrated significantly decreased EDV, stroke volume, and ejection fraction compared with controls (28). The lower stroke volume alternatively may be explained by the increased heart rate observed among participants with diabetes.…”

Section: Bertoni and Associatesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2006

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OBJECTIVE -Studies have demonstrated increased left ventricular mass (LVM) and diastolic dysfunction among diabetic patients without clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), but few have assessed the potential contribution of subclinical CVD to ventricular abnormalities in diabetes. We examined whether diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and if abnormalities are found with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -LVM, end-diastolic volume (EDV), and stroke volume were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and atherosclerosis was assessed by coronary artery calcium and carotid intima-media wall thickness in 4,991 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a cohort study of adults aged 45-84 without prior CVD. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the association between MRI measures and glucose status.RESULTS -Increased LVM was observed in white, black, and Hispanic participants with diabetes but not among Chinese participants. After adjustment for weight, height, CVD risk factors, and subclinical atherosclerosis, ethnicity-specific differences in ventricular parameters were present. Among whites and Chinese with diabetes, LVM was similar to that in normal subjects; EDV and stroke volume were reduced. In blacks with diabetes, EDV and stroke volume were reduced, and LVM was increased (ϩ5.6 g, P Ͻ 0.05). Among Hispanics with diabetes, EDV and stroke volume were similar to normal, but LVM was increased (ϩ5.5 g, P Ͻ 0.05). After adjustment, IFG was associated with a decrease in EDV and stroke volume in whites and blacks only; however, no significant differences in LVM were observed.CONCLUSIONS -Ethnicity-specific differences in LVM, EDV, and stroke volume are associated with abnormal glucose metabolism and are independent of subclinical CVD. Diabetes Care 29:588 -594, 2006H eart failure has become a frequent manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with diabetes (1). As the prevalence of diabetes increases, it will probably emerge as one of the principal causes of heart failure in the U.S. (2-4). There is significant evidence of the existence of "diabetic cardiomyopathy," described classically as heart failure in the absence of obstructive coronary disease but now more often defining ventricular abnormalities seen in individuals without coronary disease including increased left ventricular mass (LVM) and impaired diastolic function (3,5-8). Proposed mechanisms include deleterious effects of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and impaired endothelial function, which may lead to compromised myocardial blood flow (8,9). Atherosclerosis may be a contributing factor in diabetic cardiomyopathy, as many studies have not had angiographic data or have focused on the lack of obstructive lesions on coronary angiography and have not determined the presence or extent of subclinical CVD. There is less information available on whether cardiomyopathy is also present in impaired fasting glucose (IFG), although an association be...

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Simultaneous measurement of blood and myocardial velocity in the rat heart by phase contrast MRI using sparse q‐space sampling

Wise

Al-Shafei

Carpenter

et al. 2005

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To measure cardiac blood flow patterns and ventricular wall velocities through the cardiac cycle in anesthetized Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Materials and Methods:A gradient-echo cine pulse sequence incorporating pulsed field gradients (PFGs) provided phase contrast (PC) motion encoding. We achieved a range of velocity sensitivity that was sufficient to measure simultaneously the large flow velocities within the cardiac chambers and aortic outflow tract (up to 70 cm s -1 during systole), and the comparatively small velocities of the cardiac wall (0 -3 cm s -1 ). A scheme of sparsely sampling q-space combined with a probability-based method of velocity calculation permitted such measurements along three orthogonal axes, and yielded velocity vector maps in all four chambers of the heart and the aorta, in both longitudinal and transverse sections, for up to 12 time-points in the cardiac cycle.Results: Left ventricular systole was associated with a symmetrical laminar flow pattern along the cardiac axis, with no appearance of turbulence. In contrast, blood showed a swirling motion within the right ventricle (RV) in the region of the pulmonary outflow tract. During left ventricular diastole a plume of blood entered the left ventricle (LV) from the left atrium. The ventricular flow patterns could also be correlated with measurements of left ventricular wall motion. The greatest velocities of the ventricular walls occurred in the transverse cardiac plane and were maximal during diastolic refilling. The cardiac wall motion in the longitudinal axis demonstrated a caudal-apical movement that may also contribute to diastolic refilling. Conclusion:The successful measurements of blood and myocardial velocity during normal myocardial function may be extended to quantify pathological cardiac changes in animal models of human cardiac disease.

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Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of cardiac cycle events in diabetic rats: the effect of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition

Cited by 37 publications

References 92 publications

Exercise training improves cardiac performance in diabetes: in vivo demonstration with quantitative cine-MRI analyses

Exercise training improves cardiac performance in diabetes: in vivo demonstration with quantitative cine-MRI analyses

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease

Simultaneous measurement of blood and myocardial velocity in the rat heart by phase contrast MRI using sparse q‐space sampling

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