Magnetic resonance imaging in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Peculiarities of imaging children

Navallas, María; Polo, M. Rebollo; Riaza, Lucía; López, J. Muchart; Maristany, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.rxeng.2012.11.002

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…synovium is a thin layer that overlies the articular cartilage, hypointense on T1-and T2-weighted images, with no irregularities or focal thickenings (28). Active synovitis is the primary event in JIA, before the onset of radiographic changes (29,37). Synovial thickening has to be differentiated from synovial enhancement.…”

Section: Acute Inflammatory Changes Of the Tmj Synovial Enhancement Amentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Technique and Findings

et al. 2017

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The term juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) encompasses a group of arthritides of unknown cause that begin before 16 years of age and last for at least 6 weeks. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement has been described in up to 87% of children with JIA and has been associated with all JIA subtypes. TMJ involvement is difficult to detect clinically. In one study, 71% of JIA patients with active TMJ synovitis were asymptomatic and 63% had normal physical examination results. Moreover, the main growth center of the mandible is located in the condyle, separated from the joint space by only a thin layer of fibrocartilage. This makes mandibular growth vulnerable to arthritic changes, eventually resulting in facial asymmetry and retrognathia. Therefore, early detection and treatment of TMJ arthritis are paramount to preserving motility and preventing deformity. As clinical symptoms and physical examination results are not good markers of TMJ involvement, imaging plays a key role in diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Magnetic resonance imaging is the technique of choice for the study of TMJ arthritis. It has the advantages of displaying both soft tissue and bone, is the most sensitive technique for detecting acute synovitis, and is the only one able to demonstrate bone marrow edema. In addition, it allows the assessment of changes to the joint over time and evaluation of the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. RSNA, 2017.

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Section: Acute Inflammatory Changes Of the Tmj Synovial Enhancement Amentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Technique and Findings

et al. 2017

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“…MRI is the most sensitive modality for assessment of synovial thickening, demonstration of articular and enthesial inflammation, and monitoring therapeutic response (90,115). Synovial thickness greater than 3 mm measured immediately after intravenous contrast material administration has been suggested as an accurate indicator of active disease (116,117). Synovial measurements should be correlated with clinical findings, as false-positive results related to overlapping values between healthy and diseased synovium are recognized.…”

Section: Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enthesitis is also a prominent feature in juvenile arthritis, most commonly affecting the insertion of the patellar tendon at the inferior patella (120). While multiple subtypes of juvenile arthritis are recognized, overall the knee is the most commonly affected joint (116). Septic arthritis at the knee joint can be hematogenous, related to extension from osseous or bursal infection, iatrogenic, or related to penetrating injury.…”

Section: Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered Approach to the Anterior Knee: Normal Anatomy and Disorders Associated with Anterior Knee Pain

2018

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Anterior knee pain is a common complaint that can be caused by a wide spectrum of disorders affecting the many varied tissues at the anterior knee. The anatomy and pathologic conditions of the anterior knee can be approached systematically by organizing the region into four layers: (a) superficial layer of fat, fascia, and bursae; (b) functional layer composed of the extensor mechanism and patellar stabilizers; (c) intracapsular extrasynovial layer containing the fat pads; and (d) intra-articular layer. The superficial layer is composed of delicate tissues that are predisposed to blunt and penetrating trauma, irritation, and infection. The extensor mechanism forms the functional layer, is responsible for knee extension and patellar stabilization, and is engaged in repetitive movements; overuse disorders dominate in this layer. The fat pads of the anterior knee are discussed collectively as an extracapsular extrasynovial layer, functioning to improve congruence and protect the articular surfaces during motion. Diseases involving the fat pads can be primary or secondary to pathologic conditions in the rest of the joint. The synovial lining and cartilage surface are in the fourth and final intra-articular layer; pathologic conditions are centered around arthritides and internal derangement. Symptoms in the anterior knee may be due to conditions affecting one or more of these interrelated layers. © RSNA, 2018 • radiographics.rsna.org Dyan V. Flores, MD Catalina Mejía Gómez, MD Mini N. Pathria, MD Abbreviations: ACL = anterior cruciate ligament, FNS = focal nodular synovitis, MPFL = medial patellofemoral ligament, PD = proton density RadioGraphics 2018; 38:2069-2101 ). © RSNA, 2018After completing this journal-based SA-CME activity, participants will be able to:This journal-based SA-CME activity has been approved for AMA PRA Category 1 Credit TM . See rsna.org/learning-center-rg.

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Magnetic resonance imaging in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Peculiarities of imaging children

Cited by 2 publications

References 64 publications

MR Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Technique and Findings

MR Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Technique and Findings

Layered Approach to the Anterior Knee: Normal Anatomy and Disorders Associated with Anterior Knee Pain

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