Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage

Potter, Hollis G.; Foo, Li Foong

doi:10.1177/0363546505281938

Cited by 123 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Shorter T2 values arise from less water mobility in the tissue, and can reflect changes in matrix composition and structure, such as differences in collagen orientation. 45 The FT-IRIS studies performed in this study provided further information to elucidate the molecular basis for the changes that underlie the differences in the T2 values between the two repair tissues.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Osteochondral Defect Repairmentioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of Early Osteochondral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Model Utilizing Fourier Transform–Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Quantitative T2 Mapping

Kim

Foo

Uggen³

et al. 2010

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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Context: Evaluation of the morphology and matrix composition of repair cartilage is a critical step toward understanding the natural history of cartilage repair and efficacy of potential therapeutics. In the current study, shortterm articular cartilage repair (3 and 6 weeks) was evaluated in a rabbit osteochondral defect model treated with thrombin peptide (TP-508) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), quantitative T2 mapping, and Fourier transform-infrared imaging spectroscopy (FT-IRIS). Methods: Three-mm-diameter osteochondral defects were made in the rabbit trochlear groove and filled with either TP-508 plus poly-lactoglycolidic acid microspheres or poly-lactoglycolidic acid microspheres alone (placebo). Repair tissue and adjacent normal cartilage were evaluated at 3 and 6 weeks postdefect creation. Intact knees were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging for repair morphology, and with quantitative T2 mapping to assess collagen orientation. Histological sections were evaluated by FT-IRIS for parameters that reflect collagen quantity and quality, as well as proteoglycan (PG) content. Results and Conclusion: There was no significant difference in volume of repair tissue at either time point. At 6 weeks, placebo repair tissue demonstrated longer T2 values ( p < 0.01) than TP-508 did. Although both placebo and TP-508 repair tissue demonstrated longer T2 values than adjacent normal cartilage did, the 6-week T2 values of the TP-508 specimens were closer to those of the adjacent normal cartilage than were the placebo values. FT-IRIS analysis demonstrated a significant increase in collagen content, integrity, and PG content of the TP-508 repair tissue from 3 to 6 weeks ( p 0.05). In addition, the collagen and PG content of the TP-508 samples were closer to normal cartilage at 3 weeks than were the placebo samples. Further, there was a significant inverse correlation between the T2 relaxation values and collagen orientation in the normal cartilage. However, there were no significant correlations between T2 relaxation values and any FT-IRIS parameter in the repair tissue. Together, the data demonstrate that MRI and FT-IRIS assessment of cartilage repair tissue provide molecular information that furthers understanding of the cartilage repair process.

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Section: Evaluation Of Osteochondral Defect Repairmentioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of Early Osteochondral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Model Utilizing Fourier Transform–Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Quantitative T2 Mapping

Kim

Foo

Uggen³

et al. 2010

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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“…These injuries were likely the sequela of a shear moment generated as the knee was forced into hyperextension, and the distal femur impacted the tibial plateau. Magnetic resonance imaging is the preferred study when evaluating osteochondral injury [21,22,24,27], although when adequate bone remains attached to the fragment for internal fixation, the fragment, defect, or both may be identified by plain films or computed tomography. An actual fracture should be differentiated from osteochondritis dissecans by the acuity and history of antecedent trauma; the involved tissues in an acute fracture are presumably nonpathologic and potentially more amenable to fixation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suture Bridge Fixation of a Femoral Condyle Traumatic Osteochondral Defect

Bowers

Huffman

2008

Clin Orthop Relat Res

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“…In native hyaline cartilage, the T2 relaxation times is varying over depth when going from deepest layers to superficial layers with shorter T2 values in the deeper, radial zone, where the collagen is highly ordered and the collagen fiber matrix has a preferred orientation perpendicular to the cartilage surface, and longer values in the transitional zone because of less organization of the collagen where the collagen fiber matrix has an oblique orientation. The superficial zone may not be visualized on morphological imaging and quantitative T2 mapping because it is too thin [44].…”

Section: Spatial Variation Of T2 Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Mapping for Cartilage Repair Follow-up

Mars¹

2018

Cartilage Repair and Regeneration

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Patients, who benefit from cartilage repair surgery, need a non-invasive and high-quality imaging modality to assess the structure and the biochemical property of the repair tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provides better tissue contrast and high spatial resolution, is currently the best imaging technique available for the assessment of articular cartilage pathologies. In addition to MR morphology sequences, that allow cartilage lesions detection as well as repair tissue evaluation from the articular surface of the joint to the bone-cartilage interface, MRI mapping techniques help to assess the technical success of the procedure of cartilage repair and the state of cartilage healing, as well the identification of possible complications after cartilage repair surgery. MRI mapping techniques such as T1, T2 and T2* mapping help to assess the biochemical property of the repair tissue using delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) to assess the proteoglycan content and T2/T1rho (T1ρ) mapping to assess the collagen content and the fiber matrix arrangement. This chapter gives an overview about the MRI mapping techniques used for Cartilage Repair Tissue Follow-up.Keywords: MRI, cartilage repair, T2 mapping, dGEMRIC, follow-up, T1rho, T2* mapping IntroductionMany techniques are used to evaluate the knee articular cartilage however non-invasive conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the method of choice for the evaluation of knee articular cartilage [1]. Imaging of articular cartilage needs MRI sequence which is able to characterize morphological alterations of cartilage as well as adjacent tissue and to measure with high accuracy the cartilage thickness [2]. Conventional MRI sequences allow the detection of degenerative cartilage lesions and the changes due to therapy response, e.g., after cartilage repair procedures. In addition to the evaluation of cartilage morphology which is possible by MRI conventional 2D or 3D sequences, there is a need to visualize the biochemical components of the cartilage especially after cartilage repair surgery. MRI has been demonstrated to be sensitive to the variation of local water content [3], the loss of collagen content [4] and the organization of the collagen fiber [5] in the extracellular matrix. MRI parameters such as T1, T2 and T2* can serve as marker of biochemical properties of the knee articular cartilage. The most used mapping techniques are T2 and delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC). T2 mapping was reported to provide information about collagen matrix concentration and organization, whereas dGEMRIC is sensitive to proteoglycan content [6]. Cartilage repair surgery techniquesIt is very important to know the different repair procedures and the behavior of the repair tissue in MR imaging at various postoperative intervals to evaluate the success of the surgery or to check for any complications [7]. Different methods have been used to stimulate the formation of a new articular cartilage such as microfracture, autol...

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage

Cited by 123 publications

References 75 publications

Evaluation of Early Osteochondral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Model Utilizing Fourier Transform–Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Quantitative T2 Mapping

Evaluation of Early Osteochondral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Model Utilizing Fourier Transform–Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Quantitative T2 Mapping

Suture Bridge Fixation of a Femoral Condyle Traumatic Osteochondral Defect

MRI Mapping for Cartilage Repair Follow-up

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