Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral involutional changes in dogs as markers of aging: An innovative tool adapted from a human visual rating scale

Pugliese, Marco; Carrasco, Josep L.; Gómez‐Anson, Beatriz; Andrade, Carmen; Zamora, Àngels; Rodrı́guez, Manuel J.; Mascort, Joan; Mahy, Nicole

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.009

Cited by 27 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Many dogs with pMBs had no other abnormalities evident on brain MRI. However, there was an association in our sample population of dogs between the presence of generalized cortical atrophy (determined by decreased interthalamic adhesion diameter on sagittal T2W images, sulcal widening, and generalized hydrocephalus ex vacuo) and the presence of pMBs. In people, cortical atrophy also may co‐occur with CMBs .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Putative Cerebral Microbleeds in Dogs Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Head: A Retrospective Study of Demographics, Clinical Associations, and Relationship to Case Outcome

Kerwin

Levine

Budke³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are focal intraparenchymal signal voids on gradient‐echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), corresponding to regions of chronic hemorrhage. In humans, they are associated with systemic disease and shorter survival times. Although similar findings have been identified in dogs, their epidemiology and clinical correlations have not been investigated.ObjectiveTo determine epidemiological features, clinical associations, and associations with outcome for putative CMB‐like foci (putative microbleeds [pMBs]) identified by T2*‐weighted MRI in dogs.AnimalsFive hundred and eighty‐two dogs undergoing 3T brain MRI between 2011 and 2016.MethodsRetrospective case–control study. Demographic, diagnostic, and clinicopathological data were obtained from medical records and phone follow‐up. Demographic variables were compared between dogs with and without evidence of pMBs. For dogs with such evidence, and a subset of matched controls, associations with clinical presentation, concurrent disease, and survival times were evaluated.ResultsDogs with pMBs were older (P < .001) and smaller (P = .004) than unaffected dogs. Compared to matched controls, they presented more frequently for vestibular signs (P = .030). Cortical atrophy occurred concurrently with pMBs in 26% (14/54) of dogs. Diagnosed renal disease was not significantly associated with pMBs, but proteinuria was more common in dogs with pMBs than in matched controls (odds ratio = 3.01, P = .005). Dogs with pMBs had a shorter median survival time than did matched controls (P = .011).Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePutative microbleeds occurred in 54 of 582 (9.3%) of dogs undergoing brain MRI, but may not be a normal consequence of aging. They were associated with shorter survival time and proteinuria in the study population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Putative Cerebral Microbleeds in Dogs Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Head: A Retrospective Study of Demographics, Clinical Associations, and Relationship to Case Outcome

Kerwin

Levine

Budke³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Ventricular expansion, however, is not only related to brain disturbs since several authors concluded that ventricular dilation is a commonly finding observed in normal geriatric humans and canines (Coffey et al 1992, Borràs et al 1999, Resnick et al 2000, González-Soriano et al 2001, Beason-Held & Horwitz 2002, Sullivan et al 2002, Scahill et al 2003, Su et al 2005, Walhovd et al 2005, Pugliese et al 2010 due to the loss of neuronal tissue (Borràs et al 1999). Other authors suggest that changes in the dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid with age are also responsible for ventricular enlargement in humans (Scahill et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes of the cerebral ventricles of healthy domestic cats

et al. 2018

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RESUMO.-[Alterações senis dos ventrículos cerebrais de gatos domésticos hígidos.] O estudo objetivou a determinação das alterações senis dos ventrículos cerebrais de gatos domésticos hígidos não braquicefálicos pela aquisição de imagens encefálicas de 12 indivíduos adultos (1 a 6 anos), 11 maduros (7 a 11 anos) e 10 geriátricos (12 anos de idade ou mais) por ressonância magnética. Nossa hipótese é de que o sistema ventricular dos gatos se expande com o avanço da idade. A possibilidade de evidenciação das cavidades do bulbo olfatório e dos cornos temporais dos ventrículos INDEX

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“…Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Visual rating scales are open to bias and subjectivity and yield a categorical variable but have been used for evaluating brain atrophy in aging dogs (7). Others have used the interthalamic adhesion thickness (5), which is a simple measurement to perform but may not accurately reflect three-dimensional structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Skull Type on the Relative Size of Cerebral Cortex and Lateral Ventricles in Dogs

et al. 2017

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Volume measurements of the brain are of interest in the diagnosis of brain pathology. This is particularly so in the investigation hydrocephalus and canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD), both of which result in thinning of the cerebral cortex and enlarged ventricles. Volume assessment can be made using computed tomography or more usually magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). There is, however, some uncertainty in the interpretation of such volume data due to the great variation in skull size and shape seen in dog. In this retrospective study, we examined normal MRI images from 63 dogs <6 years of age. We used a continuous variable, the cranial index (CrI) to indicate skull shape and compared it with MRI volume measurements derived using Cavalieri’s principle. We found a negative correlation between CrI and the ratio of cortical to ventricular volume. Breeds with a high CrI (large laterolateral compared to rostrocaudal cranial cavity dimension) had a smaller ratio of cortical to ventricular volume (low C:V ratio) than breeds with lower CrI skull types. It is important to consider this effect of skull shape on the relative volume estimates of the cerebral cortex and ventricles when trying to establish if pathology is present.

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Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral involutional changes in dogs as markers of aging: An innovative tool adapted from a human visual rating scale

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Putative Cerebral Microbleeds in Dogs Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Head: A Retrospective Study of Demographics, Clinical Associations, and Relationship to Case Outcome

Putative Cerebral Microbleeds in Dogs Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Head: A Retrospective Study of Demographics, Clinical Associations, and Relationship to Case Outcome

Age-related changes of the cerebral ventricles of healthy domestic cats

Effect of Skull Type on the Relative Size of Cerebral Cortex and Lateral Ventricles in Dogs

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