Magnetic resonance imaging of the intratemporal facial nerve in idiopathic peripheral facial palsy

Yetışer, Sertaç; Kazkayas, Mustafa; Altınok, Deniz; Karadeniz, Yasemin

doi:10.1016/s0899-7071(02)00485-0

Cited by 50 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…However, the major disadvantage of EPS is its inability to detect diagnostic abnormalies of the nerve distal to the stylomastoid foramen within 1 week of symptom onset. 1 Although the potential of MR imaging has been studied as part of the effort to find other helpful diagnostic techniques over the past 20 years, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] its results have been largely disappointing. Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo and 3D spoiled gradient-echo sequences have shown significant limitations in diagnosing and predicting outcomes in patients with facial neuritis; the geniculate ganglion, tympanic, or mastoid segment of the normal facial nerve can be significantly enhanced in up to 76% of patients due to the distribution of arteriovenous plexus along the facial nerve, which, in turn, may inhibit evaluation of the pathologic enhancement of the nerves resulting from breakdown of the blood nerve barrier.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12] Thus, MR imaging plays a limited role in the diagnosis and provision of prognostic information of facial neuritis. 3,7 Recently, a new isotropic 3D-T2-weighted imaging technique, the 3D turbo spin-echo sequence with variable flip angles (VISTA, sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution [SPACE], or Cube), was introduced on the 3T MR system. 13 This sequence uses variable refocusing flip angles to constrain T2 decay over a long echo train, with minimal blurring, and can acquire isotropic resolutions in a clinically acceptable scan time.…”

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confidence: 99%

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MR Diagnosis of Facial Neuritis: Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced 3D-FLAIR Technique Compared with Contrast-Enhanced 3D-T1-Fast-Field Echo with Fat Suppression

Lim¹,

Lee²,

Hyun³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

MR Diagnosis of Facial Neuritis: Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced 3D-FLAIR Technique Compared with Contrast-Enhanced 3D-T1-Fast-Field Echo with Fat Suppression

Lim¹,

Lee²,

Hyun³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…This, in turn, may block evaluation of the relatively minor pathologic enhancement of the nerves resulting from breakdown of the blood nerve barrier on conventional MR images (6,7). Thus, compared with EPS, MRI plays a limited role in the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with facial neuritis (8).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement Pattern of the Normal Facial Nerve on Three - Dimensional (3D) - Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) Sequence at 3.0 T MR Units

Hyun

Lim

Park

et al. 2012

J Korean Soc Magn Reson Med

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Purpose :To compare the enhancement pattern of normal facial nerves on 3D-FLAIR and 3D-T1-FFE-F) sequences at 3.0 T MR units. Materials and Methods:We assessed 20 consecutive subjects without a history of facial nerve abnormalities who underwent temporal bone MRI with contrast enhancement between January 2008 and March 2009. Two neuroradiologists independently reviewed pre-/post-enhanced 3D-T1-FFE-FS and 3D-FLAIR images respectively with 2-week interval to assess the enhancement of normal facial nerves divided into five anatomical segments. The degree of enhancement in each segment was graded as none, mild or strong, and the results of 3D-FLAIR and 3D-T1-FFE-FS image sets were compared.Results: On 3D-FLAIR images, one of the two reviewers observed mild enhancement of the genu segment in two (10%) subjects. On 3D-T1-FFE-FS images, at least one segment of the facial nerve was enhanced in 13 (65%) subjects. At least one reviewer found that 17 of the 100 segments showed enhancement on 3D-T1-FFE-FS images, with the mastoid segment being the most commonly enhanced. Interobserver agreement on 3D-T1-FFE-FS images was good for enhancement of the normal facial nerve (κ= 0.589). Conclusion:In contrast to 3D-T1-FFE-FS, normal facial nerve segments rarely showed enhancement on 3D-FLAIR images.

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging studies similarly showed signs of inflammation of facial nerve within the facial canal. 1,9,12,13 Also, a histopathological study of the facial nerve 1 week after the onset of Bell's palsy showed infiltration of inflammatory cells, with myelin breakdown, axonal changes and marked edema. 14 Response of Bell's palsy to steroid treatment also suggested that inflammation and edema of facial nerve play a part in the pathogenesis of Bell's palsy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7 Along the facial canal, the labyrinth segment is the narrowest part. 1 Herpes simplex infection was believed to result in inflammation and swelling of the facial nerve, as evidenced by operative, 1,8 magnetic resonance imaging 1,9 and histopathology studies. 10,11 An intraoperative study showed swelling of facial nerve proximal to meatal foramen in patients with Bell's palsy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Bell's Palsy Using Monochromatic Infrared Energy: A Report of 2 Cases

Chu

2014

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Objective: The purpose of the study is to describe the use of monochromatic infrared energy (MIRE) therapy in the management of 2 patients with Bell's palsy. Clinical features: Two patients presented to a chiropractic clinic with Bell's palsy that was diagnosed by a medical physician. Both patients were treated using MIRE. The acute patient was a 32-year-old male. He presented with left facial palsy 1 day before the consultation. He was unable to puff the left cheek and close the left eyelid. He had difficulty raising the left eyebrow. The chronic case was a 46-year-old lady. Prior to the first consultation, she was treated with corticosteroid and electro-acupuncture for one and a half years, with incomplete recovery. When first seen, the left corner of mouth drooped and she had difficulty raising her left eyebrow. Intervention and outcome: Monochromatic infrared energy therapy, emitting 890 nm infrared light, was placed on the post-auricular area, pre-auricular area, the temple and mandibular area of the affected side. Each treatment lasted 30 minutes. Photographs were taken every week to document changes. The acute case received 19 treatments in 6 weeks. He reported an improvement of 95%. The chronic case received a total of 45 treatments in 9 months. She rated an improvement of 50%. At the conclusion of treatment, she was able to close her left eyelid and puff her left cheek but still could not raise her left eyebrow. Conclusion: These 2 patients seemed to respond to a different degree to the MIRE therapy. As 71% of patients with Bell's palsy recover uneventfully without any treatment, the present study describes the course of care but cannot confirm the effectiveness of MIRE therapy in the management of Bell's palsy.

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Magnetic resonance imaging of the intratemporal facial nerve in idiopathic peripheral facial palsy

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

MR Diagnosis of Facial Neuritis: Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced 3D-FLAIR Technique Compared with Contrast-Enhanced 3D-T1-Fast-Field Echo with Fat Suppression

MR Diagnosis of Facial Neuritis: Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced 3D-FLAIR Technique Compared with Contrast-Enhanced 3D-T1-Fast-Field Echo with Fat Suppression

Enhancement Pattern of the Normal Facial Nerve on Three - Dimensional (3D) - Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) Sequence at 3.0 T MR Units

Treatment of Bell's Palsy Using Monochromatic Infrared Energy: A Report of 2 Cases

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