Magnetic resonance profiling studies of the drying of film-forming aqueous dispersions and glue layers

Bennett, George; Gorce, Jean-Philippe; Keddie, Joseph L.; McDonald, P.J.; Berglind, Henrik

doi:10.1016/s0730-725x(03)00130-9

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…There is a static magnetic field strength, B 0 of 0.7 T in the horizontal direction parallel to the sample plane and a magnetic field gradient strength of 17.5 T m -1 in the direction perpendicular to the sample plane. 41 The resonant condition is obtained in the sample volume at a spectrometer frequency of 28.4 MHz. The excitation field B 1 is produced by the RF coil and it is perpendicular to the sample plane.…”

Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating Particle Deformation with Water Concentration Profiles during Latex Film Formation: Reasons That Softer Latex Films Take Longer to Dry

et al. 2014

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During the past two decades, an improved understanding of the operative particle deformation mechanisms during latex film formation has been gained. For a particular colloidal dispersion, the Routh-Russel deformation maps predict the dominant mechanism for particle deformation under a particular set of conditions (evaporation rate, temperature, and initial film thickness). Although qualitative tests of the Routh-Russel model have been reported previously, a systematic study of the relationship between the film formation conditions and the resulting water concentration profiles is lacking. Here, the water Published in Langmuir (2014), vol, 30, pp 9672-9681 2 distributions during the film formation of a series of acrylic copolymer latexes with varying glass transition temperature, T g (values of 22, 11, 4 and 19 ºC) have been obtained using GARField nuclear magnetic resonance profiling. A significant reduction in the rate of water loss from the latex copolymer with the lowest T g was found, which is explained by its relatively low polymer viscosity enabling the growth of a coalesced skin layer. The set of processing parameters where the drying first becomes impeded occurs at the boundary between the capillary deformation and the wet sintering regimes of the Routh-Russel model, which provides strong confirmation of the model's validity. An inverse correlation between the model's dimensionless control parameter and the dimensionless drying time is discovered, which is useful for the design of fast-drying waterborne films.

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Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating Particle Deformation with Water Concentration Profiles during Latex Film Formation: Reasons That Softer Latex Films Take Longer to Dry

et al. 2014

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“…The experiments employed a permanent magnet, called GARField (Gradient At Right-angles to the Field) 30,31,32 which was specifically designed to determine profiles of thin layers in the direction normal to the surface. Wet films (ca.…”

Section: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr) Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Linked Network Development in Compatibilized Alkyd/Acrylic Hybrid Latex Films for the Creation of Hard Coatings

et al. 2010

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“…The details of this magnet, called Gradient At Right-angles to the Field (or GARField), have been reported previously. [40,41] In the experiments performed here, samples were placed in the magnet at a position corresponding to a magnetic field strength of 0.7 T and a field gradient strength of 17.5 T m -1 . In experiments, latex films were cast onto clean glass coverslips (2 cm x 2 cm) using either a 120 µm or a 250 µm applicator.…”

Section: Mr Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Development during the Film Formation of Waterborne Acrylic Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives Containing Tackifying Resin

Mallégol

Bennett

McDonald

et al. 2006

The Journal of Adhesion

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Abstract. Tackifying resins (TR) are often used to improve the adhesive properties of waterborne pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) derived from latex dispersions.There is a large gap in the understanding of how, and to what extent, the film formation mechanism of PSAs is altered by the addition of TR. Herein, magnetic resonance profiling experiments show that the addition of TR to an acrylic latex creates a coalesced surface layer or "skin" that traps water beneath it. Atomic force microscopy of the PSA surfaces supports this conclusion. In the absence of the TR, particles at the surface do not coalesce but are separated by a second phase composed of surfactant and other species with low molecular weight. The function of the TR is complex.. According to dynamic mechanical analysis, the TR increases the glass transition temperature of the polymer and decreases its molecular mobility at high frequencies. On the other hand, the TR increases the molecular mobility at lower frequencies and thereby promotes the interdiffusion of latex particles to create a skin layer.In turn, the skin layer is a barrier that prevents the exudation of surfactant to the surface. The TR probably enhances the coalescence of the latex particles by

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Magnetic resonance profiling studies of the drying of film-forming aqueous dispersions and glue layers

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Correlating Particle Deformation with Water Concentration Profiles during Latex Film Formation: Reasons That Softer Latex Films Take Longer to Dry

Correlating Particle Deformation with Water Concentration Profiles during Latex Film Formation: Reasons That Softer Latex Films Take Longer to Dry

Cross-Linked Network Development in Compatibilized Alkyd/Acrylic Hybrid Latex Films for the Creation of Hard Coatings

Skin Development during the Film Formation of Waterborne Acrylic Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives Containing Tackifying Resin

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