Magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a noninvasive diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri

Kararizou, Evangelia; Likomanos, Dimitrios; Gkiatas, Konstantinos; Markou, Ioannis; Triantafyllou, Nikolaos; Kararizos, Grhgorios

doi:10.1016/j.mri.2005.10.032

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Almost all of them reported elevated Cho/ NAA in neoplastic areas compared with normal brain tissue. This information is similar to that derived from common glial tumors, supposedly caused by a decrease of NAA, indicating replacement of neurons by neoplastic glial cells; and an increase of Cho, caused by an increased membrane turnover in tumors [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] . This spectroscopic pattern of neoplastic brain lesions may help us distinguish GC from nonneoplastic diseases.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (Mrs)supporting

confidence: 74%

Gliomatosis Cerebri

Zhao

Tian

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Clin. Oncol.

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Gliomatosis Cerebri (GC) is a rare tumor of the central nervous system. It is defined as a diffuse glial tumor that extensively infiltrates the brain, involving more than two lobes. And it is listed as a subtype of astrocytic tumors according to the newest 2007 (4th edition) WHO classification of tumors of the Central Nervous System. GC can be subdivided into Type I and Type II. Clinical findings for patients with GC are usually subtle and nonspecific. The lesions of GC generally show hypo, or isodensity on CT; a poorly defined diffuse hypoor isointense signal on T1-weighted images, and a scattered diff use hyperintense signal on T2-weighted images. Histological examination of GC reveals widespread infiltration of neoplastic glial cells with minimal destruction of pre-existing structures.Diagnosis of GC can be ascertained on the basis of a combination of clinical, radiological and pathological data. The treatment of GC includes radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however, the optimal therapeutic strategy is still not well established and prognosis of GC remains poor. This report reviews in detail the aspects of GC mentioned above, and three controversial issues are also discussed in the report.

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Section: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (Mrs)supporting

confidence: 74%

Gliomatosis Cerebri

Zhao

Tian

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Clin. Oncol.

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“…On MR spectroscopy (MRS), the choline (Cho)/creatine (Cr) ratio is increased and the N-acetylaspartate/Cr ratio is decreased, as observed in other malignant brain tumors ( 15 , 19 ). MRS cannot reliably differentiate GC from encephalitis, demyelinating disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, or hemorrhage ( 20 , 21 ).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 94%

Gliomatosis Cerebri: Current Understanding and Controversies

Ranjan

Warren

2017

Front. Oncol.

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Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) is a rare, extensively infiltrating glioma involving multiple contiguous lobes of the brain. This lethal disease affects all age groups, and the majority of patients have a poor outcome despite aggressive treatment. Despite its initial recognition in 1938, GC remains a controversial entity with little consensus in its definition, histology, or treatment. The majority of GC tumors are astrocytic, although mixed phenotypes have been identified. Treatment of GC is challenging as surgery is generally not an option due to the extensive areas of brain involved, the benefit of radiation therapy is unclear, and no chemotherapy has proven efficacy. Due to the rarity of the disease and its heterogeneity, both at histopathological and molecular levels, it is difficult to conduct clinical trials tailored for this diagnosis. This review summarizes our current knowledge, examines clinical studies focusing on the treatment of GC, highlights ongoing challenges, and discusses the recent molecular insights into adult and pediatric GC. We conclude that, although no longer recognized as a distinct pathological entity, GC represents a unique disease phenotype. Given the histologic and molecular overlap with other diffuse gliomas, the research emphasis should be on investigating its unique invasive biology.

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“…The most common findings include elevated choline to creatine ratio and choline-to- N -acetyl aspartate ratio, as well as decreased N -acetyl aspartate-to-creatine ratio. 9 This could be associated with damaged normal neurons and proliferated glial cells that result in elevated choline level and decreased N -acetyl aspartate levels. In addition, Guzmán et al has reported that there is a relation between shorter survival time and increased choline-to-creatine ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Encephalomyelitis-Like Central Nervous System Neoplasm in Childhood

Zhao

Bao

et al. 2013

J Child Neurol

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A malignant neoplasm in the central nervous system with diffuse white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is rare in children. It could be misdiagnosed as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. This report presents our experience based on 4 patients (3 male, 1 female; aged 7-13 years) whose MRI showed diffuse lesions in white matter and who were initially diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. All of the patients received corticosteroid therapy. After brain biopsy, the patients were diagnosed with gliomatosis cerebri, primitive neuroectodermal tumor and central nervous system lymphoma. We also provide literature reviews and discuss the differentiation of central nervous system neoplasm from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a noninvasive diagnosis of gliomatosis cerebri

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Gliomatosis Cerebri

Gliomatosis Cerebri

Gliomatosis Cerebri: Current Understanding and Controversies

Disseminated Encephalomyelitis-Like Central Nervous System Neoplasm in Childhood

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