Magnetic solid‐phase extraction and spectrophotometric determination of pseudoephedrine in real samples

Abstract

In the present study, the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as an efficient sorbent were successfully utilized for the investigation of pseudoephedrine in water and urine samples before spectrophotometric evaluation. Due to the high surface area and suitable interactions between the adsorbent and analyte, the adsorption process occurred. The optimization process was applied to the parameters that might have an impact on the extraction efficiencies, including the pH, sorbent quantity, salt effect, type and volume of eluent, and the contact time affecting the adsorption and desorption of the analyte. By exerting the optimum procedure, the proper linearities ranging from 1 to 30 and 1 to 24 μg/mL with good correlation coefficients of 0.999 and 0.998 enhanced for water and urine samples. This method is proved to be as accurate and precise as it is necessary to be executed for the analytical measurements, since the measured recoveries were 99 and 96.12%, with the detection limits of 0.88 and 1.003 μg/mL for water and urine samples, respectively. The obtained results indicate that the proposed method is simple, effective, and inexpensive for the measurements of pseudoephedrine in water and urine samples.

Magnetic Solid‐Phase Extraction of Fipronil from Aqueous Solution and Eggshells Using Amine‐Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

“…In adsorption based separation processes, different types of adsorbents are used and the selection of the adsorbent depends on the porosity, pore structure, nature of its adsorbing surfaces, surface functional groups and most importantly applications. Magnetic solid phase extraction enables the removal of adsorbents from the solution by means of magnetic nanoparticles, without the need for centrifugation or any filtering process, only with the application of an external magnetic field [29–31] . This technique provides adsorption process with high removal efficiency, easy separation, higher surface area with magnetic nanoparticles for higher adsorption capacity, and suitability for different surface modification [29,32] …”

“…Magnetic solid phase extraction enables the removal of adsorbents from the solution by means of magnetic nanoparticles, without the need for centrifugation or any filtering process, only with the application of an external magnetic field. [29][30][31] This technique provides adsorption process with high removal efficiency, easy separation, higher surface area with magnetic nanoparticles for higher adsorption capacity, and suitability for different surface modification. [29,32] In literature, only few adsorptive removal studies have been shown recently for fipronil from aqueous solution in which modified zeolites were used as adsorbents mostly.…”

“…[29][30][31] This technique provides adsorption process with high removal efficiency, easy separation, higher surface area with magnetic nanoparticles for higher adsorption capacity, and suitability for different surface modification. [29,32] In literature, only few adsorptive removal studies have been shown recently for fipronil from aqueous solution in which modified zeolites were used as adsorbents mostly. Rathi et al [33] observed maximum adsorption efficiency of fipronil (600 mg/L) from aqueous solution as 92.77 % on the cerium-modified zeolite (Ce 25 HZSM-5) (3.5 mg) in 120 min.…”