Magnetic studies of multiferroic Bi_1−xSm_xFeO₃ceramics synthesized by mechanical activation assisted processes

Abstract

Bi(1-x)Sm(x)FeO(3) (x = 0.0-0.2) ceramic samples were prepared by mechanical activation assisted solid-state-reaction synthesis. A stoichiometric mixture of Bi(2)O(3), Sm(2)O(3), and Fe(2)O(3) powders was mechanically milled and this was followed by heat treatment at 700 °C for 1 h. Room temperature x-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of perovskite structured Bi(1-x)Sm(x)FeO(3) phase. Vibrating sample magnetometry measurements showed that to a certain extent, Sm doping of BiFeO(3) leads to increased magnetization and a sharp magnetic transition at ∼380 °C. Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the presence of single-phase material for the doped compositions whereas electron paramagnetic resonance analysis showed the effect of doping on the variation in the degree of canting in the samples. At doping levels of 10 at.% Sm, the improvement in the magnetic behaviour appears to arise from a combination of the propensity of the samples to form pure phase material, partial destruction of spin cycloids, increased canting of spins and interaction between magnetic ions.

Room temperature dielectric and magnetic properties of Gd and Ti co-doped BiFeO3 ceramics

“…It is expected that the EB in these system originate from the exchange interaction at the interfaces of weakly ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic components [48]. The asymmetry in the M-H curve was also observed at RT with 10 % Sm doping in a similar type of ceramics Bi 1−x Sm x FeO 3 [49]. The authors reported that in this compound while most of the sample remain largely antiferromagnetic, regions in the Sm-doped BiFeO 3 sample become weakly ferromagnetic and their interaction results an asymmetric behaviour in the M-H curve although the effect was not observed for 20 % Sm doping.…”

Structural and Ferroic Properties of La, Nd, and Dy Doped BiFeO3 Ceramics

“…The saturation magnetization ( ), , and values were found to be 1.36 emu/g, 0.05 emu/g, and 4.71 Oe, respectively. A weak ferromagnetic behaviour was observed for BLFO and BDFO sample due to the suppression of space modulated spin structure [28,29]. Doping by La at Bi site in BFO leads to distortion in rhombohedral structure.…”

Production and structural and magnetic characterization of a Bi1-xYxFeO3(x = 0, 0.25 and 0.30) system

“…In spite of this complex magnetic behavior, this compound has a great potential for information storage, sensors, and electric field controlled devices. It has been shown that by substitution of elements at the A-site (Bi) or B-site (Fe), the SSMS can be suppressed and, therefore, enhancement of the magnetic properties is evidenced [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Rare-earth elements (La, Nd, Eu, Dy, Gd, Ho, Y, etc.)…”

“…Rare-earth elements (La, Nd, Eu, Dy, Gd, Ho, Y, etc.) can be substituted at the A-site and, thus, improve ferroelectric and magnetic properties [7,8,[12][13][14][15]. Guo et al [15] reported that Gd doped BiFeO 3 nanoparticles synthesized via sol-gel method increase remnant magnetization with the increase of the Gd substitution.…”