Magnetically propelled soft micromachines with multipatterned fabrications

Abstract

The rotation of the helical micromachines can produce efficient motion efficiency at small-scale conditions and have the potential for multi-field applications. In this study, we propose self-scrolling schemes aiming at a flexible bilayer structure that includes the strained layer and magnetic layer. The magnetic layer is composed of magnetic nanocomposites and can respond to an external magnetic field. To cope with multistructural configurations, multipatterned manufacturing solutions of machines were investigated. Under the actuation of the rotating magnetic field, the swimming abilities of the helical machines are investigated in water and in a more viscous medium, exhibiting excellent movement abilities. For the purpose of transport capacities, the machines could be patterned with the containers, and their magnetic properties were studied to evaluate the effect of containers of different lengths on the movement performance; here, the direction of the magnetic axis and the stability of the rotational motion were investigated under different magnetization conditions. The result demonstrated that the larger radial deviation of the magnetic axis allows the machines to swim wobbly, and these instabilities can be reduced by radial magnetization.

Magnetically Driven Micro and Nanorobots

“…Cell manipulation is the practice of maneuvering the physical position of cells to separate them from the milieu of other phenotypically different cells (i.e., cell-based screen), guiding them into a specific target position (e.g., for fertilization), or organizing themselves in vitro . With the rapid advance of proteomics and genomics, it is of great significance to develop sophisticated tools for single-cell manipulation, especially massively parallel single-cell manipulation . Magnetically powered miniaturized robots are capable of 3D manipulation of a single cell in terms of capture, transport, sorting, isolation, and pattering, with excellent maneuverability and high precision at the nano- and microscale in complex physiological environments without changing the intrinsic properties of the cells. , For instance, trapping of breast cancer cells was reported by tosyl-functionalized superparamagnetic microbeads due to the instantaneous strong binding between the tosyl groups from the surface of microswimmers and the −NH 2 groups from the membrane proteins of cancer cells.…”

A Survey of Recent Developments in Magnetic Microrobots for Micro-/Nano-Manipulation

“…Manipulating cells involves adjusting their spatial placement, achieving separation from adjacent cells with distinct phenotypes, guiding them to specific target positions, or organizing them in vitro [212][213][214]. Magnetically powered miniaturized robots exhibit the capacity to manipulate a cell in three dimensions and can encompass tasks such as grabbing, conveying, categorizing, secluding, and patterning.…”

Fabrication of Magnetically Driven Helical Micro/nanoscale Motors and Their Functionalization for Targeted Drug Delivery

“…B) The schematic diagram of fabrication procedure, and θ is defined as the included angle with the stretching direction. Copied with permission [27] . Copyright 2020, IOP Publishing Ltd. C) Schematic of the batch fabrication of biomimetic soft micromachines by self‐folding.…”

“…In 2020, Zhao et al. recently reported a method for fabricating magnetically driven helical micro/nanoscale motors using self‐scrolling technique [27] . The schematic illustration of the synthetic procedure is showed in Figure 3B.…”