Magnetism of Transition-Metal/Carbon-Nanotube Hybrid Structures

Yang, Chih Kai; Zhao, Jijun; Lu, Jianping

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.90.257203

Cited by 207 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The most unique advantage of this single-step process is that these one-dimensional nanostructures are grown in situ during the CVD process, which overcomes the limitation caused by the multi-step processes in existing methods. These alloy encapsulated MWNTs show potential applications in the field of spintronics, nanoelectronics and sensors [26][27][28][29]. Generation of CO/ CO 2 -free hydrogen along with the CVD process has also been demonstrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Single step process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and metal/alloy-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

2007

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A single-step approach for the synthesis of multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT) filled with nanowires of Ni/ternary Zr based hydrogen storage alloy has been illustrated. We also demonstrate the generation of COfree hydrogen by methane decomposition over alloy hydride catalyst. The present work also highlights the formation of single-walled nanotubes (SWNT) and MWNTs at varying process conditions. These carbon nanostructures have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM (HRTEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Raman spectroscopy. This new approach overcomes the existing multi-step process limitation, with possible impact on the development of future fuel cell, nano-battery and hydrogen sensor technologies.

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confidence: 94%

Single step process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and metal/alloy-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

2007

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“…Among those, transition-metal magnetic adatoms have been reported to produce noticeable changes in the spin-dependent electronic structure of carbon nanotubes. 5,7 In addition to establishing how magnetic impurities affect the electronic structure of the nanotube, it is crucial to understand the nature of the coupling between nearby adatoms since the transport properties of a magnetically doped structure depend on how the impurity moments are oriented. Dipolar and exchange interactions are the basic mechanisms defining the alignment of the adatoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substrates, 2,3 substitutional impurities, 4 adsorbed atoms, 5,6 and nanoparticles 7 are some of the different magnetic foreign objects that can interact with carbon nanotubes. Among those, transition-metal magnetic adatoms have been reported to produce noticeable changes in the spin-dependent electronic structure of carbon nanotubes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect exchange coupling between magnetic adatoms in carbon nanotubes

2005

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The long-range character of the exchange coupling between localized magnetic moments indirectly mediated by the conduction electrons of metallic hosts can play a significant role in determining the magnetic order of low-dimensional structures. Here we consider how this indirect coupling influences the magnetic alignment of adatoms attached to the walls of carbon nanotubes. A general expression for the indirect coupling in terms of single-particle Green functions is presented. Contrary to the general property that magnetic moments embedded in a metal display Friedel-like oscillations in their magnetic response, calculated values for the coupling across metallic zigzag nanotubes show monotonic behavior as a function of the adatom separation. Rather than an intrinsic property, the monotonicity is shown to reflect a commensurability effect in which the coupling oscillates with periods that coincide with the lattice parameter of the nanotube host. Such a commensurability effect does not dominate the coupling across semiconducting zigzag or metallic armchair nanotubes. We argue that such a long-range character in the magnetic interaction can be used in future spintronic devices.

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“…The low-dimensionality, the chemical complexity, the open structure, and the large variety of chemical elements in these systems ask for flexible ab initio methods, which can cope with these issues. Methods employed for density-functional calculations of onedimensional systems include the tight-binding, 20 pseudopotential, 21 linearized muffin-tin orbital LMTO, 22 and the PAW ͑Ref. 23͒ and FLAPW ͑Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method for one-dimensional systems: Gold nanowire and iron monowires in a gold tube

2005

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We present an implementation of the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave ͑FLAPW͒ method for carrying out ab initio calculations of the ground state electronic properties of ͑magnetic͒ metallic nanowires and nanotubes based on the density-functional theory ͑DFT͒. The method is truly one-dimensional, uses explicitly a wire geometry and is realized as an extension of the FLEUR code. It includes a wide variety of chiral symmetries known for tubular and other one-dimensional systems. A comparative study shows that in this geometry computations are considerably faster than the widely used supercell approach. The method was applied to some typical model structures explored in the field of nanospintronics: the gold nanowire Au͑6,0͒, the free-standing Fe monowire, and the hybrid structure Fe@Au͑6,0͒. Their atomic structures are determined by total energy minimization and force calculations. We calculated the magnetic properties including the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energies, the band structures, and densities of states in these systems using the local density approximation ͑LDA͒ and the generalized gradient approximation ͑GGA͒ to the DFT. The results agree nicely with the data available in the literature. We found that Fe wires are ferromagnetic and are prone to a Peierls dimerization. The Fe filled gold nanotube shows a large negative spin polarization at the Fermi level, which makes this structure a possible candidate for spin-dependent transport applications in the field of spintronics. The Au tube encasing the Fe wire changes the magnetization direction of the Fe wire and increases the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy by an order of magnitude.

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Magnetism of Transition-Metal/Carbon-Nanotube Hybrid Structures

Cited by 207 publications

References 29 publications

Single step process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and metal/alloy-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Single step process for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and metal/alloy-filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Indirect exchange coupling between magnetic adatoms in carbon nanotubes

Full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method for one-dimensional systems: Gold nanowire and iron monowires in a gold tube

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