Magnetite Nanorods Stabilized by Polyaniline/Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Sensing Platform for Selective and Sensitive Non‐enzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Detection

Abstract

In this study, magnetite nanorods stabilized on polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (Fe3O4@PANI/rGO) was synthesized via a wet‐reflux strategy. The possible formation of Fe3O4@PANI/rGO was morphologically and structurally verified by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the thermal stability of Fe3O4@PANI/rGO was measured by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA); the composite had good thermal stability owing to the ceramic nature of Fe3O4. The Fe3O4@PANI/rGO has been applied as a potential sensing platform for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). By the combined efforts of extended active surface area, active carbon support, more catalytic active sites and high electrical conductivity, the Fe3O4@PANI/rGO exhibited an improved performance toward the non‐enzymatic detection of H2O2 in 0.5 M KOH with a fast response time (5 s), high sensitivity (223.7 μA mM−1 cm−2), low limit of detection (4.45 μM) and wide linear range (100 μM–1.5 mM). Furthermore, the fabricated sensor exhibited excellent recovery rates (94.2–104.0 %) during real sample analysis.

MWCNT‐Organoimido Polyoxomolybdate Hybrid Material: Analytical Applications for Amperometric Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide

“…Table 1 also compares the response of non‐enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensors based on other hybrid materials. Among them, our sensor presents a very competitive performance with lower detection limit than most of them [36–38, 42–44, 48, 56–58], comparable to [39, 40, 45, 46, 50–52] and higher than [15, 41, 47, 53–55]. In general, the sensors that present better detection limits than our sensor, are built with several constituents that can make the preparation of the sensor more time consuming, like MWCNTs dispersed in avidin and Ru [15], GO, Fe 3 O 4 , PAMAM and Pd [41], Ag@Cu 2 O and N‐rGO [47], Pt nanoparticles and polyazure A [53], three‐dimensional CuO inverse opals coated with NiO nanoflowers [54] or Au and Ag nanoparticles in connection with a potential of −0.700 V [55].…”

ZnS Nanoparticles‐decorated Composite Graphene Paper: A Novel Flexible Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Dopamine

“…Accordingly, it is very important to develop new electrode materials that can selectively and sensitively determine DA and distinguish it from AA and UA signals. For this purpose, various electrode materials were designed and modified with carbon nanomaterials [17], metal nanoparticles [18–19], different composite structures [20–23], polymers [24–26], and metal oxides [12, 13, 27]. However, flexible and self‐standing graphene paper electrodes (GPE) prepared in composite structure using metal sulfides have not been used for the determination of DA until now.…”

Size-Dependent Ion Adsorption in Graphene Oxide Membranes

“…Pristine GO membrane shows a strict rejection of ions and molecules with a hydrated radius larger than 4.75 Å [ 17 ]. To this end, the excellence of GO membranes for practical applications primarily relies on the control of interlayer spacings which indeed, has been a subject of interest for many studies [ 1 , 4 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. However, due to the hydrophilic nature of graphene oxide [ 24 ], the laminates swell when hydrated, expanding the interlayer spacing to more than one nanometer [ 25 ].…”