Magnetization scissoring in aluminum/Permalloy microstructures

Yuan, Le; Wisbey, David; Halloran, Sean; Pappas, David P.; Silva, F. C. S. da; Fardi, Hamid

doi:10.1063/1.3264664

Journal of Applied Physics

2009

DOI: 10.1063/1.3264664

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Magnetization scissoring in aluminum/Permalloy microstructures

Le Yuan

David Wisbey

Sean Halloran

et al.

Abstract: Induced scissoring of magnetization has been observed in aluminum/Permalloy ͑Ni 81 Fe 19 ͒ thin films upon application of an alternating current. Harmonic analysis of the magnetoresistance indicates that the magnetization in the top and bottom portions of the film can rotate Ϯ20°from the axis along which the current is applied. The opposite angles of rotation, or scissoring, can be explained by internal oersted fields from the current. These oersted fields will rotate the in-plane magnetization of the film in … Show more

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“…The possibility of manipulating the magnetization of planar structures using electrical currents opens exciting perspectives in spintronics. Electrical currents can affect the magnetization of thin films through the Oersted magnetic field, [1][2][3][4][5] spin transfer torques, 6 and spinorbit torques. 7 Previous work has focused on magnetization switching and domain wall dynamics induced by spin-orbit torques in metallic ferromagnets adjacent to a heavy metal layer.…”

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Current-induced switching of YIG/Pt bilayers with in-plane magnetization due to Oersted fields

Mendil

Trassin

et al. 2019

Applied Physics Letters

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We report on the switching of the in-plane magnetization of thin yttrium iron garnet (YIG)/Pt bilayers induced by an electrical current. The switching is either field-induced and assisted by a dc current, or currentinduced and assisted by a static magnetic field. The reversal of the magnetization occurs at a current density as low as 10 5 A/cm 2 and magnetic fields of ∼ 40 µT, two orders of magnitude smaller than in ferromagnetic metals, consistently with the weak uniaxial anisotropy of the YIG layers. We use the transverse component of the spin Hall magnetoresistance to sense the magnetic orientation of YIG while sweeping the current. Our measurements and simulations reveal that the current-induced effective field responsible for switching is due to the Oersted field generated by the current flowing in the Pt layer rather than by spin-orbit torques, and that the switching efficiency is influenced by pinning of the magnetic domains.The possibility of manipulating the magnetization of planar structures using electrical currents opens exciting perspectives in spintronics. Electrical currents can affect the magnetization of thin films through the Oersted magnetic field, 1-5 spin transfer torques, 6 and spinorbit torques. 7 Previous work has focused on magnetization switching and domain wall dynamics induced by spin-orbit torques in metallic ferromagnets adjacent to a heavy metal layer. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Recently, investigations extended towards insulating ferrimagnetic garnets, which, owing to the low magnetic damping, are particularly appealing for generating and transmitting spin waves 16-19 as well as for magnetization switching. [20][21][22] The most prominent exponent of this material class is yttrium iron garnet (YIG). Extensive work on the interplay of current-induced effects and magnetization dynamics in YIG/Pt bilayers demonstrated efficient spin-wave excitations, 23-27 spinwave amplification, 28,29 and the control of magnetization damping. 30 So far, however, no attempt at currentinduced magnetization switching of YIG has been reported. Two plausible reasons for the scarcity of results in this area are the extreme sensitivity of YIG to magnetic fields, which makes it difficult to control the intermediate magnetization states, as well as to the need to utilize YIG films with uniaxial in-plane anisotropy, which is required to achieve binary switching. Indeed, the electrical switching of garnet insulators has been reported only for thin films with relatively large perpendicular anisotropy, such as thulium iron garnet layers in combination with either Pt or W. [20][21][22] In this paper, we investigate the reciprocal effects of current and magnetic field on the switching of YIG/Pt bilayers with in-plane magnetic anisotropy. We demonstrate field-induced switching assisted by a dc current as well as current-induced switching assisted by a static magnetic field at extremely low current density (∼ 10 5 A/cm 2 ) and bias fields (40 − 60 µT). We further show that the magnetization reversal can be sensed...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current-induced switching of YIG/Pt bilayers with in-plane magnetization due to Oersted fields

Mendil

Trassin

et al. 2019

Applied Physics Letters

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“…The global current field causes an inhomogeneous deviation of the magnetization from the equilibrium direction. The theory of this phenomenon, known in English literature as fanning or scissoring [24,25], is described, for example, in the work [24]. The calculated deviation of the magnetization angle (considered as a small parameter) for the numerical values used turned out to be on the order of several tens of degrees.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exchange spring-like inhomogeneous states in a ferromagnetic wire with current

O.A.

2022

Physics of the Solid State

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Transverse structure of magnetization in a ferromagnetic film induced by magnetic field of electric current has been analyzed. Two steps of arising exchange spring evolution are shown. The first one (weak current) is gradual twisting of magnetization aside from the wire axis. Above some critical current the transient area is compressed and localized near the middle plane. In presence of additional conductive layer the transient structure becomes asymmetric resulting to non-zero lateral component of the net magnetization. It is shown also that the mentioned asymmetry can provide additional displacement of domain walls after the electric current pulses. Keywords: spintronics, domain wall dynamics, exchange spring, ferromagnet.

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Magnetization scissoring in aluminum/Permalloy microstructures

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Current-induced switching of YIG/Pt bilayers with in-plane magnetization due to Oersted fields

Current-induced switching of YIG/Pt bilayers with in-plane magnetization due to Oersted fields

Exchange spring-like inhomogeneous states in a ferromagnetic wire with current

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