Magnetoelectric dissociation of Alzheimer’s β-amyloid aggregates

Abstract

The abnormal self-assembly of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides and their deposition in the brain is a major pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting nearly 50 million people worldwide. Here, we report a newly discovered function of magnetoelectric nanomaterials for the dissociation of highly stable Aβ aggregates under low-frequency magnetic field. We synthesized magnetoelectric BiFeO 3 -coated CoFe 2 O 4 (BCFO) nanoparticles, which emit excited charge carriers in response to low-frequency magnetic field without generating heat. We demonstrated that the magnetoelectric coupling effect of BCFO nanoparticles successfully dissociates Aβ aggregates via water and dissolved oxygen molecules. Our cytotoxicity evaluation confirmed the alleviating effect of magnetoelectrically excited BCFO nanoparticles on Aβ-associated toxicity. We found high efficacy of BCFO nanoparticles for the clearance of microsized Aβ plaques in ex vivo brain tissues of an AD mouse model. This study shows the potential of magnetoelectric materials for future AD treatment using magnetic field.

Water‐Stable and Photo‐Patternable Siloxane‐Encapsulated Upconversion Nanoparticles toward Flexible Near‐Infrared Phototransistors

“…The LIVE/DEAD assays use fluorescent markers to distinguish between live (fluorescing green) and dead (fluorescing red) cells and are a reliable method to evaluate cell viability. [54,55] We used this assay to determine the viability of L929 and C2C12 cells on UCNP@SiOx and observed significantly increased green fluorescence after cultivation for 3 and 7 days (Figure 2e). Additionally, we cultured L929 cells on the fabricated device at different 980 nm laser illumination times (Figure S5, Supporting Information) and observed no noticeable change in the cell shape or number of living cells.…”

Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Carbon as a Photoacoustic Modulator of Alzheimer’s β-Amyloid Aggregate Structure

“…To evaluate the biocompatibility of MOFC nanoparticles, we applied LIVE/DEAD and MTS assays to a mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a (N2a) cell line. LIVE/DEAD assay is a two-color fluorescence-based imaging method that displays live cells in green and dead cells in red. , We cultured N2a cells with MOFC nanoparticles for a week and applied the LIVE/DEAD assay to the cells at 1, 3, and 7 days of culture. As shown in Figures E and S30, both the viability and proliferation activity of the N2a cells were normal even after several days of contact with the MOFC nanoparticles.…”

Linnaeite Mineral for NIR Light-Triggered Disruption of Alzheimer’s Pore-Forming Aβ Oligomers

“…We expected that linnaeite nanoparticles capable of dissociating the three-dimensional structure of the βPFOs can ameliorate Aβ-associated toxicity. To assess the biocompatibility and mitigating effects of linnaeite nanoparticles, we introduced performed LIVE/DEAD staining and alamarBlue assays on the Neuro2a (N2a) mouse neuroblastoma cell line The LIVE/DEAD staining assay evaluates the cellular states by imaging green (live) and red (dead) based on the biochemical conversion of calcein acetoxymethyl ester and ethidium homodimer-1, respectively. , The alamarBlue assay evaluates live cell populations by measuring mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity through the intracellular reduction of nonfluorescent resazurin into fluorescent resorufin . To verify the biocompatibility of linnaeite nanoparticles, we incubated N2a cells with linnaeite nanoparticles and evaluated the cellular states at 1 and 3 days by merging the LIVE/DEAD staining assay and bright-field microscopy images.…”