Magnitude and Associated Factors of Superficial Fungal Infections on HIV/AIDS Patients Who Attends in Debretabor General Hospital ART Clinic, Debretabor, North West Ethiopia, 2015/16

Abstract

Introduction: HIV/AIDS has been occurring in the world as the major pandemic disease that affects all parts of the world, but sub-Saharan Africa it is high in prevalence which reduces the effectiveness of the immune system and makes individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and tumors. This often leads the patients to a variety of opportunistic infections including fungal infections and the like. Superficial fungal infections are common in HIV patients that can have an atypical clinical severity and variability of presentation and may be extensive, recurrent, and difficult to treat. Objectives: This study aims to determine the magnitude and associated factors of superficial fungal infections on HIV/ AIDS patients who have follow up at ART clinic in Debretabore General Hospital. Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study design was used via systematic random method with kth value of 3rd on 299 study population from December/2015-Feburaray/2016. Result: Prevalence of superficial fungal infection in this study was 59.2% with 99.7% response rate. Female {AOR(95% CI); 2.6 (3.06, 7.901)}, age ranges less than 15 [AOR(95% CI); 4.03 (0.002, 0.994)], and ages between 16-30 years [AOR(95% CI);2.1 (1.93, 7.16)], uneducated subjects [AOR (95% CI); 3.4 (0.00, 0.150)], presence of pets in the home 5.3 [(0.001, 0.183)], income source being a farmer [AOR (95% CI); 4.3 (0.031,0.72)], CD4 level less than 200cells/ mm3 [AOR (95% CI); 8 (0.00, 0.007)] and work condition associated to water [AOR (95% CI); 6.3 (7.31, 13.800)] were statistically significant to the presence of superficial fungal infection in Debretabor General hospital at ART clinic. Concussion: The overall prevalence of superficial fungal infection in the study area was relatively high (59.2%) with 78% of the cases were neglected as nothing would do on patients life having a statistical significant association with age, sex, income source (farmer), educational status, presence of pets in the home, CD4 level, work condition associated with water body. Thus, a continuous health education about the disease, factors with education on preventive methods and treating the cases accordingly of fungal infections should be sought.