Magnitude and associated factors of postoperative hyperglycemia among an adult nondiabetic patient who underwent surgery at 2 tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia

Abstract

Materials and methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 359 nondiabetic adult patients who underwent elective surgery at Tikur Anbessa and Nigist Elleni Mohamed Memorial specialized hospitals from January 1 to March 30, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used, and quantitative data were collected through interviews and data retrieval from charts using a pretested questionnaire. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to evaluate the association between independent and dependent variables. The level of statistical significance was declared at a P-value <0.05. Result: A total of 359 patient data sets were collected with a response rate of 84%. The study revealed that 152 (42%) of the patients developed postoperative hyperglycemia. Postoperative hyperglycemia was statistically associated with age between 41 and 60 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.5-9.7], age above 60 (AOR = 5.3, 95% CI = 2.36-11.8), dexamethasone use (AOR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.1-5.9), general anesthesia (AOR = 5.8, 95% CI = 2.5-13.59), combined general-regional anesthesia (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI = 1.9-8.0) were statistically associated with postoperative hyperglycemia. Conclusion:The prevalence of hyperglycemia is higher in the postoperative period. Age, type of anesthesia, type of procedure, dexamethasone use, and duration of surgery were identified as predictive factors.