Magnitude of asbestos-related lung cancer mortality in Italy

Marinaccio, Alessandro; Scarselli, Alberto; Binazzi, Alessandra; Mastrantonio, Marina; Ferrante, Pierpaolo; Iavicoli, Sergio

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604450

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Accumulated studies indicate that approximately 4 to 10% of lung cancer in most developed countries is due, at present or in the recent past, to asbestos exposure. [9][10][11][12] Mc-Cormack and colleagues applied two models to estimate asbestos-related lung cancer mortality based on mesothelioma mortality in 20 countries and obtained a broad range of proportions of lung cancer that are ascribed to asbestos, ranging from 3.2 to 5.4% in the United States to 12.2 to 16.2% in the United Kingdom. 9…”

Section: Incidence and Prevalence Of Asbestos-related Diseases Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer and Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura: Selected Current Issues

Markowitz

2015

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Asbestos-related diseases persist, because millions of workers have had prior exposure and many industrializing countries continue to use asbestos. Globally, an estimated 107,000 people die annually from lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma, and asbestosis due to occupational asbestos exposure. Malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer are caused by all major types of asbestos. Asbestos causes more lung cancer deaths than malignant mesothelioma of the pleura; most cases of the latter are due to asbestos exposure. The cancer risk increases with cumulative asbestos exposure, with increased risk even at low levels of exposure to asbestos. Based on empirical studies, an estimated cumulative occupational exposure to asbestos of 1 fiber/mL-year substantially raises malignant mesothelioma risk. No safe threshold for asbestos exposure has been established for lung cancer and mesothelioma. The validity of fiber-type risk assessments depends critically on the quality of exposure assessments, which vary considerably, leading to a high degree of uncertainty. Asbestos exposure without asbestosis and smoking increases the risk of lung cancer. The joint effect of asbestos and smoking is supra-additive, which may depend in part on the presence of asbestosis. Asbestos workers who cease smoking experience a dramatic drop in lung cancer risk, which approaches that of nonsmokers after 30 years. Studies to date show that longer, thinner fibers have a stronger association with lung cancer than shorter, less thin fibers, but the latter nonetheless also show an association with lung cancer and mesothelioma. Low-dose chest computed tomographic scanning offers an unprecedented opportunity to detect early-stage lung cancers in asbestos-exposed workers.

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Section: Incidence and Prevalence Of Asbestos-related Diseases Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer and Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura: Selected Current Issues

Markowitz

2015

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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“…Compensation is difficult to obtain in Italy for occupational cancer due to the difficulties of finding a causal relationship with the occupation, taking into account the long latency time of neoplasms and the multiplicity of their causes 37. Currently, around 550–600 cases have been compensated in Italy by the Italian National Compensation Institute as “asbestos‐related neoplasms”38 and 71% of these are mesotheliomas (in the period 1994–2006). It is a widespread opinion that the systematic information availability about incidence and exposure of MM cases recognized by ReNaM has promoted and facilitated insurance activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleural malignant mesothelioma epidemic: Incidence, modalities of asbestos exposure and occupations involved from the Italian National Register

Marinaccio

Binazzi

Marzio

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Cancer

112

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Due to the large scale use of asbestos (more than 3.5 million tons produced or imported until its definitive banning in 1992), a specific national surveillance system of mesothelioma incident cases is active in Italy, with direct and individual anamnestic etiological investigation. In the period between 1993 and 2004, a case-list of 8,868 pleural MM was recorded by the Italian National Register (ReNaM) and the modalities of exposure to asbestos fibres have been investigated for 6,603 of them. Standardized incidence rates are 3.49 (per 100,000 inhabitants) for men and 1.25 for women, with a wide regional variability. Occupational asbestos exposure was in 69.3% of interviewed subjects (N 5 4,577 cases), while 4.4% was due to cohabitation with someone (generally, the husband) occupationally exposed, 4.7% by environmental exposure from living near a contamination source and 1.6% during a leisure activity. In the male group, 81.5% of interviewed subjects exhibit an occupational exposure. In the exposed workers, the median year of first exposure was 1957, and mean latency was 43.7 years. The analysis of exposures by industrial sector focuses on a decreasing trend for those traditionally signaled as ''at risk'' (asbestos-cement industry, shipbuilding and repair and railway carriages maintenance) and an increasing trend for the building construction sector. The systematic mesothelioma surveillance system is relevant for the prevention of the disease and for supporting an efficient compensation system. The existing experience on all-too-predictable asbestos effects should be transferred to developing countries where asbestos use is spreading.Key words: asbestos, mesothelioma, pleural, national register, Italy ReNaM Working Group: Massari S., Branchi C.; Detragiache E.; Merletti F., Gangemi M., Stura A., Brentisci C., Cammarieri Diglio G., Macerata V., Gilardetti M.; Lazzarotto A., Benfatto L., Bianchelli M., Mazzucco G.; Sieno C., Pesatori A.C.; Gioffrè F., Bressan V.; De Michieli P.; Mangone L., Storchi C.; Seniori Costantini A., Badiali A.M., Cacciarini V., Giovannetti L., Martini A.; Calisti R.; La Rosa F., Stracci F., D'Alò D.; Perucci C.A., Forastiere F., Cavariani F., Ascoli V., Sangalli M.; Trafficante L., Gatta S.; Menegozzo M., Izzo F., Canfora M.L., Santoro M., Viscardi F.; Massaro T.; Convertini L.; Leotta A., Lio S.G.; Dardanoni G., Scondotto S.; Corrias G.A., Angius M.R., Nieddu V.

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“…Many authors discussed asbestos-related lung cancers as the most important occupational tumors. Generally, the estimated ratio between mesothelioma and asbestos-related lung cancer is around 1:1 [Marinaccio et al, 2008], the basis for the belief that occupational lung cancer is wide underreported. Although still largely underreported, data on compensated occupational cancers here analyzed show an increased trend in recent years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational cancer in Italy: Evaluating the extent of compensated cases in the period 1994–2006

Scarselli¹,

Scano²,

Marinaccio³

et al. 2009

American J Industrial Med

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Magnitude of asbestos-related lung cancer mortality in Italy

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer and Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura: Selected Current Issues

Asbestos-Related Lung Cancer and Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura: Selected Current Issues

Pleural malignant mesothelioma epidemic: Incidence, modalities of asbestos exposure and occupations involved from the Italian National Register

Occupational cancer in Italy: Evaluating the extent of compensated cases in the period 1994–2006

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