2021
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044824
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Magnitude of internalised stigma and associated factors among people with bipolar disorder at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract: ObjectivesTo assess the magnitude of internalised stigma and associated factors among patients with bipolar disorder attending the outpatient department of Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.DesignInstitution-based cross-sectional study design.SettingAmanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsWe recruited about 418 participants using systematic sampling technique for an interview during the study period.MeasurementData were collected by face-to-face interview… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…Our findings indicated a correlation between stigma resistance and self-esteem and perceived social support. This is consistent with prior studies (40,41). Individuals with high self-esteem and social support feel more secure and valuable in interpersonal relationships.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
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“…Our findings indicated a correlation between stigma resistance and self-esteem and perceived social support. This is consistent with prior studies (40,41). Individuals with high self-esteem and social support feel more secure and valuable in interpersonal relationships.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…It has been observed that persons who exhibit stigma resistance have greater confidence in their capacity to cope with stigma and are less influenced by it (40). Having a high level of education is a protective factor against stereotypes and devaluing attitudes regarding mental illnesses (41). In addition, patients with higher degrees of education may have greater access to appropriate information and treatments that contribute to the long-term consequences of the disease, thus causing them to feel less internalized stigma.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Participants who were government employee were 69% likely to have high internalized stigma. This was similar with another study conducted in Ethiopia which reported that the prevalence of internalized stigma was higher among unemployed participants as compared to employed participants [ 33 ]. Other studies also showed that employment was significantly correlated with low level of internalized stigma and the odds of internalized stigma among unemployed were higher than employed participants [ 24 , 43 , 44 ].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 90%
“…The data were collected by three trained psychiatry nurses by using a structured questionnaire (Additional file 1 ) which was prepared by reviewing similar studies [ 13 , 17 , 30 , 33 , 35 – 41 ] and the dependent variable internalized stigma was measured by using Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI)-29 scale. The ISMI-29 scale was validated by another Ethiopian study which was conducted with the aim of determining the magnitude, domains, and covariates of internalized stigma among patients with mental illness in Dilla University Referral Hospital (DURH), South Ethiopia [ 30 ].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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