Magnitude of prelacteal feeding practice and its association with place of birth in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2017

Abstract

BackgroundPrelacteal feeding is one of the commonest inappropriate child feeding practice which exposes to malnutrition, infection, and neonatal mortality. However, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis that estimates the pooled prevalence of prelacteal feeding and its association with place of birth in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the magnitude of prelacteal feeding practice and its association with home delivery in the country.MethodsPrimary studies were accessed through, HINARI and PubMed databases. Additionally, electronics search engines such as Google Scholar, and Google were used. The Joana Briggs Institute quality appraisal checklist was used to appraise the quality of studies. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Heterogeneity between the studies was examined using the I2 heterogeneity test. The DerSimonian and Liard random-effect model was used. The random effects were pooled after conducting subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Publication bias was also checked.ResultsA total of 780 primary studies were accessed. However, about 24 studies were included in the qualitative description and quantitative analysis of the prevalence of prelacteal feeding. To examine the association between home delivery and prelacteal feeding practice, only six studies were included. The prevalence of prelacteal feeding ranged from 6.1–75.8%. The pooled prevalence of prelacteal feeding among Ethiopian children was 26.95% (95% CI: 17.76%, 36.14%). The highest prevalence was observed in the Afar region. The pooled odds of prelacteal feeding among women who gave birth at home was increased by 5.16 (95% CI: 3.7, 7.2) folds as compared to those who gave birth at Health institutions.ConclusionPrelacteal feeding practice in Ethiopia was found to be high. Home delivery was strongly associated with prelacteal feeding practice. Therefore, promoting institutional delivery and strengthening of the existing child nutrition strategies are recommended.

Magnitude and associated factors of prelacteal feeding practices among mothers of under one-year-old children in Rural Pastoralist Communities of Afar, North Eastern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study.

“…Berhan district [20], Debre Markos town [21], Bahir Dar City [19], Ethiopia [8]. Those mothers who gave birth at health institutions could get information on the advantage of optimal breastfeeding and disadvantage of prelacteal feeding from health professionals which can result in avoidance of prelacteal feeding.…”

“…In Ethiopia, 8% of children received prelacteal feeding [7]. Systematic review and meta-analysis on prelacteal feeding practice was conducted in Ethiopia and found a pooled magnitude of prelacteal feeding practice 26.95% but the magnitude in the primary studies were ranging from 6.1%( SNNPs) to 75.8% (Oromo Region) [8].…”

Prevalence and associated factors of prelacteal feeding among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units, North central Ethiopia, 2019

“…Despite its harmful effects, prelacteal feeding is a deep rooted common nutritional malpractice that raises global concern. For example, country wise, its prevalence was: Jammu and Kashmir, India (88.0%), Vietnam (73.3%), Nepal (26.5%), western Uganda (31.3%), Nigeria (60.5%), Mansoura, Egypt (58%) and Ethiopia (26.95%) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) has shown that 25.9% of the neonates were given different prelacteal feeds.…”

“…Community based studies conducted at different parts of Ethiopia have shown burden of prelacteal feeding along the spectrum of the national pediatric nutrition system; for instance, in Raya Kobo town (11.1%), Motta town (20.3%), Afar region (42.9%), Harar city (45.4%), Fiche town (24.4%), Aksum town (10.1%), Sidama zone (25.5%) and Debre Markos town (19.1%) [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Both the global and national studies have shown that common prelacteal foods include plain water [13,22], raw butter [20], sugar (glucose) water, honey, tea and fruit juice [13,16,25]. The pre-lacteal use of these foods was found to be positively associated with many factors like delayed initiation of breast feeding [19][20][21]25], home delivery [16,21,25], cesarean delivery [11,23,25], inability to read and write [12,25], male neonate [25], maternal belief on the purported advantages of prelacteal feeding [23], less than four ANC visits [12,15,21,23], previous experience of prelacteal feeding [25] and influence from somebody else [21].…”

“…The pre-lacteal use of these foods was found to be positively associated with many factors like delayed initiation of breast feeding [19][20][21]25], home delivery [16,21,25], cesarean delivery [11,23,25], inability to read and write [12,25], male neonate [25], maternal belief on the purported advantages of prelacteal feeding [23], less than four ANC visits [12,15,21,23], previous experience of prelacteal feeding [25] and influence from somebody else [21]. The stated reasons to give pre-lacteal feeds were: to clean the infant's stomach, to quench neonatal thirst, breast problems, maternal medical illness, inadequate breast milk secretion, colostrums is dirty, colostrums is inadequate for the neonate, being prelacteal fed is a guarantee of healthier growth in later life and presence of neonatal feeding problem [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. An Ethiopian study at Raya Kobo district also showed that the main reason to give prelacteal feeds for sick neonates were to treat neonatal illness believing that their illness is attributable to 'evil eye' [18].…”