Magnitude of reactive thrombocytosis and associated clinical conditions in dogs

Athanasiou, Labrini V.; Polizopoulou, Z. S.; Papavasileiou, Eleftheria G; Mpairamoglou, Efstathios L; Καντερέ, Μαρία; Rousou, Xanthi

doi:10.1136/vr.104042

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A total of 12,676 canine blood samples were evaluated. Of these, 573 dogs had at least one platelet count record >500 x 10³/μL, corresponding to a thrombocytosis incidence of 4.5%, which were similar to the results of other studies (5,14) . However, increased thrombocytosis incidence (7.2% and 8.5%) was reported (4,12) , which could be because platelets were counted using different procedures, including manual hemocytometer counting, blood smear estimate, automated impedance, or laserinduced light scattering.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Thrombocytosis: A Retrospective Study of 573 Dogs (2016-2017)

et al. 2019

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Thrombocytosis refers to the increase in number of platelets per microliter (µL) of blood. Platelet counts greater than 1,000,000/µL may be associated with clinical signs of bleeding or thrombosis. Previous studies on underlying causes of thrombocytosis have aroused the interest of researchers about its clinical importance in dogs. The objective of this study was to analyze the blood cell counts in dogs in order to define the main diseases or clinical conditions that were associated with thrombocytosis, from 2016 to 2017. This was done to determine the incidence of thrombocytosis, and categorize the increase in platelet count with respect to severity. Of the 12,676 blood samples analyzed, 4.5% presented thrombocytosis (n = 573). Similar mean platelet counts were observed in all diagnosis or different categories of clinical conditions (neoplasms; gastrointestinal, endocrine, and ophthalmological diseases; trauma and surgery; dermatological, cardiac, neurological, infectious, respiratory, genitourinary, idiopathic, and multiple diseases; and pregnancy) with no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05). The disorders most commonly associated with thrombocytosis were gastrointestinal diseases, followed by neoplasms. Furthermore, increased platelet counts were observed in dogs treated with glucocorticoids and vincristine drugs. As for the degree of severity, extreme thrombocytosis occurred more frequently in the presence of gastrointestinal diseases.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Thrombocytosis: A Retrospective Study of 573 Dogs (2016-2017)

et al. 2019

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“…This result is similar to the results of previous reports of canine HCC [18]. In addition, recent studies have also revealed that reactive or secondary thrombocytosis is commonly associated with neoplasias, especially carcinoma [1, 22, 32]. However, the causes of carcinoma-related thrombocytosis in dogs remain unclear; these conditions may result from paraneoplastic syndrome, as observed in human malignancies, including HCC [7, 13, 19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Predictive factors of malignancy in dogs with focal liver lesions using clinical data and ultrasonographic features

Leela-Arporn

Ohta

Tamura

et al. 2019

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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A definitive diagnosis of focal liver lesions (FLLs) requires invasive procedures for histopathologic examination. Thus, a simpler noninvasive diagnostic method, such as conventional ultrasonography combined with clinical data, is needed for the prediction of liver malignancy. The objective of this study was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of clinical data and ultrasonographic (US) features to differentiate benign and malignant liver lesions. Medical records and US images from dogs with FLLs that underwent abdominal US and histopathologic examinations following surgery or liver biopsy were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data, including signalment, clinical signs and laboratory findings, and the US features of liver lesions that could act as predictive factors were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate the associations between predictive factors and liver malignancy. Based on the histopathologic results, 55 dogs with malignant lesions and 28 dogs with benign lesions were included in the study. The results of univariate analysis showed that several US features and platelet count were significantly associated with liver malignancy. Multivariate analysis revealed that the platelet count (thrombocytosis; odds ratio [OR]: 4.13, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.81−9.41), lesion size (4.1 cm or greater; OR: 23.83, 95% CI: 3.74−151.95) and echotexture of FLLs (heterogenous; OR: 8.44; 95% CI: 1.37−51.91) were independent predictors for differentiating benign and malignant liver lesions, suggesting that a combination of clinical data and US findings of FLLs could predict liver malignancy in dogs.

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“…1 , 2 Consumption of platelets leading to thrombocytopenia is described in a number of inflammatory and neoplastic disease processes. 3 Additionally, thrombocytosis has been described in a number of disease states, including endocrine diseases, heart disease, infectious disease, and cancers. 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 Expanded knowledge of platelets and their interactions in disease states has led to investigation into maladaptation of platelet synthesis and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 Additionally, thrombocytosis has been described in a number of disease states, including endocrine diseases, heart disease, infectious disease, and cancers. 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 Expanded knowledge of platelets and their interactions in disease states has led to investigation into maladaptation of platelet synthesis and function. One maladaptation is paraneoplastic thrombocytosis, in which tumor production of inflammatory mediators or stimulatory molecules leads to an increase in platelet count, which may aid in metastasis and tumor evasion of the immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thrombocytosis has been evaluated retrospectively in dogs and cats, and neoplasia has been identified as a primary or concurrent diagnosis in 17% to 55% of these patients. 3 , 4 , 17 , 18 In dogs with cancer and thrombocytosis, carcinoma was the most common tumor type diagnosed. Carcinoma‐associated thrombocytosis has not been investigated in dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interleukin‐6 and thrombopoietin concentrations in dogs with carcinoma with and without thrombocytosis

Cheney

Woolcock

Mukhopadhyay

et al. 2021

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Carcinoma‐associated thrombocytosis involves tumor production of mediators such as interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and thrombopoietin (TPO) that increase thrombopoiesis and may play a role in tumor evasion and metastasis. Carcinoma‐associated thrombocytosis is described in people, but has not been described in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives Evaluate the concentrations of IL‐6 and TPO in dogs diagnosed with carcinoma with or without thrombocytosis. We hypothesized that IL‐6 and TPO concentrations would be higher in dogs with carcinoma compared to healthy dogs, and that IL‐6 and TPO concentrations would be higher in dogs with carcinoma and thrombocytosis when compared to dogs with carcinoma and normal platelet counts. Animals One‐hundred sixteen dogs: 63 with carcinoma and 53 healthy control dogs. Methods Complete blood count was performed in all dogs, and they were stratified for sub‐group analysis based on the presence or absence of thrombocytosis (platelet count > 500 103/µL). Serum TPO and IL‐6 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results of selected numeric variables were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests for pairwise comparisons. A value of P < .05 was considered significant. Results Twelve of the dogs with carcinoma (12/63, 19.0%) and none of the healthy control dogs (0%) had thrombocytosis. Thrombopoietin concentrations (median [range]) were significantly higher in dogs with carcinoma when compared to controls (87.42 pg/mL [0 to >600] vs 15.99 pg/mL [0 to >600], P < .001). Interleukin‐6 concentrations (median [range]) were not different between dogs with carcinoma and healthy control dogs (9.70 pg/mL [0‐181.53] vs 3.03 pg/mL [0‐280.77], P = .15). In dogs with carcinoma, the TPO and IL‐6 concentrations were not different between dogs with thrombocytosis and dogs with normal platelet count. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Thrombopoietin concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with carcinoma, regardless of platelet count. Thrombopoietin is likely to be 1 of multiple factors that can impact platelet number, production, and consumption in dogs with carcinoma.

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Magnitude of reactive thrombocytosis and associated clinical conditions in dogs

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Thrombocytosis: A Retrospective Study of 573 Dogs (2016-2017)

Thrombocytosis: A Retrospective Study of 573 Dogs (2016-2017)

Predictive factors of malignancy in dogs with focal liver lesions using clinical data and ultrasonographic features

Interleukin‐6 and thrombopoietin concentrations in dogs with carcinoma with and without thrombocytosis

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