Maimonides on Wars and Their Justification

Stern, Josef

doi:10.1080/15027570.2012.738504

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Wars Of Choice1

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“…Maimonides distinguished between an 'obligatory' war, essential to a state's survival, and a 'discretionary' or 'voluntary' war undertaken to extend its borders for the purposes of 'greatness and reputation'. 13 This does not quite capture the humanitarianism implied by contemporary usage, but he established a clear requirement that when a war was discretionary the sovereign be convinced of the case and consult carefully before acting. Such a move should only be undertaken in exceptional circumstances and with a compelling rationale.…”

Section: Wars Of Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Force and the international community: Blair’s Chicago speech and the criteria for intervention

Freedman

2017

International Relations

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Tony Blair’s April 1999 Chicago speech is widely seen as foreshadowing his later decision to support the invasion of Iraq. Two sets of context for the speech are described: other criteria for the use of force, going back to the Just War tradition and more recent contributions from Caspar Weinberger and Colin Powell, and the December 1998 strikes against Iraq and the Kosovo War, which began in March 1999. The origins of the five factors mentioned when considering force are explored and their implications assessed.

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Section: Wars Of Choicementioning

confidence: 99%