Main fungal partners and different levels of specificity of orchid mycorrhizae in the tropical mountain forests of Ecuador

Suárez, Juan Pablo; Kottke, Ingrid

doi:10.15517/lank.v16i2.26014

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Orchids interact with a more limited set of mycorrhizal fungi as compared to other mycorrhizal plants, with a relatively higher degree of specificity for OM than ECM, AM, and even ErM fungi (Dearnaley et al, 2012;van der Heijden et al, 2015;Suárez and Kottke, 2016;Põlme et al, 2018). Mycorrhizal specificity, one of the core issues in OM research, ranges from low to high and can be quantified as the phylogenetic width of the range of associated mycorrhizal fungi (i.e., the ancientness of the last common ancestor).…”

Section: Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungal Specificitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Orchids

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Orchids form mycorrhizal symbioses with fungi in natural habitats that affect their seed germination, protocorm growth, and adult nutrition. An increasing number of studies indicates how orchids gain mineral nutrients and sometime even organic compounds from interactions with orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF). Thus, OMF exhibit a high diversity and play a key role in the life cycle of orchids. In recent years, the high-throughput molecular identification of fungi has broadly extended our understanding of OMF diversity, revealing it to be a dynamic outcome co-regulated by environmental filtering, dispersal restrictions, spatiotemporal scales, biogeographic history, as well as the distribution, selection, and phylogenetic spectrum width of host orchids. Most of the results show congruent emerging patterns. Although it is still difficult to extend them to all orchid species or geographical areas, to a certain extent they follow the “everything is everywhere, but the environment selects” rule. This review provides an extensive understanding of the diversity and ecological dynamics of orchid-fungal association. Moreover, it promotes the conservation of resources and the regeneration of rare or endangered orchids. We provide a comprehensive overview, systematically describing six fields of research on orchid-fungal diversity: the research methods of orchid-fungal interactions, the primer selection in high-throughput sequencing, the fungal diversity and specificity in orchids, the difference and adaptability of OMF in different habitats, the comparison of OMF in orchid roots and soil, and the spatiotemporal variation patterns of OMF. Further, we highlight certain shortcomings of current research methodologies and propose perspectives for future studies. This review emphasizes the need for more information on the four main ecological processes: dispersal, selection, ecological drift, and diversification, as well as their interactions, in the study of orchid-fungal interactions and OMF community structure.

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Section: Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungal Specificitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Orchids

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Jacquemyn et al (2011b) revealed that the phylogenetic structure of 16 species of the genus Orchis distributed across 11 different regions in Europe can explain the community differences in associated Tulasnellaceae. Many orchid species that are closely related within genera host similar rhizoctonias or Tulasnellaceae operational taxonomic units (OTUs), such as Cypripedium (Shefferson et al, 2007), Goodyera (Shefferson et al, 2010), Neottia (Těšitelová et al, 2015), Teagueia (Suárez and Kottke, 2016), Caladenia (Phillips et al, 2016), Dendrobium (Xing et al, 2017), Pleione (Qin et al, 2019), and Cypripedioideae (lady's slipper subfamily; Shefferson et al, 2019). Therefore, orchid-OMF specific associations during their evolutionary history may result in strong influences of orchid phylogeny on OMF communities.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Signals In Orchid-omf Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Mycorrhizal Associations Influence Orchid Distribution and Population Dynamics

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Orchid distribution and population dynamics are influenced by a variety of ecological factors and the formation of holobionts, which play key roles in colonization and ecological community construction. Seed germination, seedling establishment, reproduction, and survival of orchid species are strongly dependent on orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), with mycorrhizal cheating increasingly observed in photosynthetic orchids. Therefore, changes in the composition and abundance of OMF can have profound effects on orchid distribution and fitness. Network analysis is an important tool for the study of interactions between plants, microbes, and the environment, because of the insights that it can provide into the interactions and coexistence patterns among species. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview, systematically describing the current research status of the effects of OMF on orchid distribution and dynamics, phylogenetic signals in orchid–OMF interactions, and OMF networks. We argue that orchid–OMF associations exhibit complementary and specific effects that are highly adapted to their environment. Such specificity of associations may affect the niche breadth of orchid species and act as a stabilizing force in plant–microbe coevolution. We postulate that network analysis is required to elucidate the functions of fungal partners beyond their effects on germination and growth. Such studies may lend insight into the microbial ecology of orchids and provide a scientific basis for the protection of orchids under natural conditions in an efficient and cost-effective manner.

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“…While symbiotic fungi are vital for the germination of orchid seeds, the specificity of members of Orchidaceae for their mycorrhizal partners and the effects of the fungi on orchid growth are not perfectly clear. Numerous studies have indicated that Orchidaceae are able to form associations with various fungi (see, for instance 31 – 33 ). Due to the lack of comprehensive data on myccorhizal symbionts of P. concreta we were not able to include modifications of the availability of fungal components in our analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological niche modeling of the pantropical orchid Polystachya concreta (Orchidaceae) and its response to climate change

Kolanowska

Rewicz

Baranow

2020

Sci Rep

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Climate is the dominant control factor on the spatial distribution of organisms on a global scale and global warming is predicted to become a major cause of species extinctions. In our study ecological niche modeling (ENM) was used to estimate the effect of projected future climate changes on the pantropical orchid Polystacha concreta as well as to reconstruct changes in the distribution of the suitable climatic niches of this species since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The study revealed small differences in the niches occupied by populations of P. concreta recorded in various continents; however, these alterations will become more significant in regard to future climatic change. While losses of suitable habitats of the studied orchid will occur in the Americas and Africa, global warming will be favorable for Asian populations. Our study suggests a significant loss of niches since the LGM which indicates that the currently observed loss of habitats is not only the result of human activity but also of natural changes of the Earth’s climate. From the obtained models we identified the areas that will be the most resistant regarding the modifications caused by climate change.

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Main fungal partners and different levels of specificity of orchid mycorrhizae in the tropical mountain forests of Ecuador

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Progress and Prospects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Orchids

Progress and Prospects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Orchids

How Mycorrhizal Associations Influence Orchid Distribution and Population Dynamics

Ecological niche modeling of the pantropical orchid Polystachya concreta (Orchidaceae) and its response to climate change

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