Main hydropower equipment of the first series of pumped-storage stations

Abstract

The diversity of the functions of a pumped-storage station (PSS) in the power system (regulator-consumer, frequency and voltage regulation, emergency standby, capacitor regimes, etc.) requires a high degree of speed, reliability, and trouble-free operation of the equipment of the PSS under various steady and transient operating conditions. Unlike the usual units of a hydroelectric station, the reversible units of a PSS are subjected to considerably greater dynamic loads under conditinns of reversible operation, more frequent starts and stops, and diversity of transients. These conditions determined the increased requirements [i, 2] imposed on reversible units and speed governors, on the motor-generators and their excitation systems, on the devices for prompt starting of the reversible units in a pump regime, on the generator switches and power transformers , and on the automation and protective system. The Zagorsk PSS was the first for which a set of technological equipment for a head of i00 m was developed for the first time in the USSR. It is planned to conduct a full range of power, hydraulic, electrical, strength, vibration, and specialtests of the technological equipment on the first units of the PSS when put into operation. The results of these tests will permit final refinement of reliable and highly efficient hydropower equipment for PSSs. ReversibleUnits.The development and creation of reversible units for the parameters of the Zagorsk PSS under orders of the All-Union Planning, Surveying, and Scientific-Research Institute (Gidroproekt) were carried out at the Leningrad Metals Plant (LMZ). Variants of using units with a capacity of lOOMWwith specific speed n s ~140 with reversible pump--turbines both of the mixed-flow and diagonal-flow type were originally considered. After having studiedthe then available (end of the 1960s) wide foreign experience increating reversible units of high specific speed, Gidroproekt developed new orders for a mixed-flow reversible pump-turbine with n s ~230, which made itpossible for the same runner diameter to increase the~unit~capacity to 200MWwith a savings of 15 million rubles (only for the Zagorsk PSS). As for diagonal-flow type pump--turbines, they were eliminated from consideration owing to the inadmissible increase of the suction head for the given specific period. Thus further detailed investigations and development of the water passageway of the mixed-flow reversible pump-turbinewere carried out on the basis of the following prescribed parameters: