Maintenance enteral electrolyte solutions for neonatal calves: sodium acetate and osmolarity effects

Abstract

The use of hypotonic electrolytic solutions in enteral fluid therapy is still understudied in calves. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of maintenance enteral electrolytic solutions with different concentrations of sodium acetate and different osmolarities in calves. For this, 18 Holstein calves, six male and 12 female, 20 days old and weighing around 52kg, were used. The animals were randomly divided into three groups and each group received one of the treatments. The three electrolytic solutions contained the same components in different concentrations, resulting in a hyposmotic, an isosmotic and a hyperosmotic solution. Each animal was maintained in enteral fluid therapy for 12 hours with infusion rate of 15mL kg-1 h-1. Abdominal circumference, body weight, feces consistency, glucose and plasma lactate, pH, pCO2, HCO- 3 and BE were measured at the following times: T0h, T6h, T12h and T24h. The hyposmotic solution did not generate the onset of diarrhea, while the isosmotic and the hyperosmotic did. Regardless of the dose used, acetate did not cause metabolic alkalosis in the evaluated animals. The results suggest that the use of hyposmotic solution in diarrheic calves, dehydrated and without metabolic acidosis, may be clinically important.

Biochemical, urinary, and acid-base profile in cattle treated with maintenance enteral electrolyte solutions containing calcium propionate, propylene glycol or glycerol

“…The animals were kept in individual pens in a tie stall system throughout the experimental period. The solutions were administered for 12 h in a continuous flow rate of 15 mL kg −1 h −1 , which was based on our clinical routine and veterinary medicine clinical trials (7)(8)(9).…”

Comparative Trial of Continuous Flow Enteral and Intravenous Fluid Therapy in Horses

“…This was considered an advantage, since the main concern with the use of hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions in horses is the decrease in serum osmolarity. The application of hypotonic enteral electrolyte solutions has already been tested in several animal species without triggering this adverse effect (4,5,20).…”

Caracterização clínica e laboratorial de bovinos adultos desidratados experimentalmente

“…Resultados semelhantes com relação à estabilidade das frequências respiratória e da temperatura corporal, foram observados em outros trabalhos que utilizaram protocolos de desidratação em grandes animais: AVANZA, 2007; SILVEIRA et al., 2012;RIBEIRO FILHO et al, 2014;ERMITA et al, 2016;ALVES, 2018;LIMA et al, 2020, confirmando a baixa sensibilidade dessas variáveis, mesmo em quadros de desidratação intensa. Tabela 1: Média ± desvio padrão parâmetros clínicos de bovinos adultos submetidos ao protocolo de desidratação, em um período de 72 horas com restrição hídrica e alimentar.…”