Maize Canopy Photosynthetic Efficiency, Plant Growth, and Yield Responses to Tillage Depth

Sun, Jiying; Gao, Julin; Wang, Zhigang; Hu, Shuping; Zhang, Fengjie; Bao, Haizhu; Fan, Yafang

doi:10.3390/agronomy9010003

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Grain yield increases in response to narrow rows has been found to be closely related to an improvement in PAR interception during the critical period for grain set (Andrade et al., 2002). These results suggest that the optimum LAI for corn to produce grain yield during maximum LAI is between 6 and 6.5, which is similar to previous studies evaluating LAI in corn (Sun et al., 2019; Winter & Ohlrogge, 1973).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Grain yield increases in response to narrow rows has been found to be closely related to an T A B L E 3 Canopy coverage at V5 and V8, R1 stem diameter, and R1 plant height as influenced by row spacing (76 and 51 cm) and plant population for corn averaged across six hybrids and two locations in 2017 and 2018 improvement in PAR interception during the critical period for grain set (Andrade et al, 2002). These results suggest that the optimum LAI for corn to produce grain yield during maximum LAI is between 6 and 6.5, which is similar to previous studies evaluating LAI in corn (Sun et al, 2019;Winter & Ohlrogge, 1973).…”

Section: Leaf and Plant Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 85%

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Plant population and row spacing effects on corn: Plant growth, phenology, and grain yield

Bernhard

Below

2020

Agronomy Journal

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The average U.S. plant population continues to increase as U.S. growers continue to push corn (Zea mays L.) grain yields higher. However, this increased plant population typically causes more intra‐row stress to the plants, potentially reducing yields. Narrower row spacings may be used to reduce the stress by increasing the plant‐to‐plant spacing within a row. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of plant spatial arrangement (population and/or row spacing) on corn plant growth, phenology, and grain yield. In 2017 and 2018, six contemporary commercial hybrids were planted at 94,000, 109,000, 124,000, or 139,000 plants ha−1 in 76‐ and 51‐cm row spacings at two locations in Illinois. Plant spatial arrangement affected corn growth, phenology, and grain yield. The greatest grain yield of 18.5 Mg ha−1 resulted from planting 109,000 plants ha−1 in a 51‐cm row spacing. In a 76‐cm row spacing, the minimum plant population maximized yield at 17.5 Mg ha−1. On average across plant populations, plants in a 51‐cm row spacing yielded 0.8 Mg ha−1 more than when planted in a 76‐cm row spacing. With increased plant populations, plants produced more shoot biomass, whereas root biomass was unchanged. Narrower row spacings helped mitigate crowding stress at greater plant populations by promoting phenotypic changes that consequently led to greater yield.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Leaf and Plant Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 85%

Plant population and row spacing effects on corn: Plant growth, phenology, and grain yield

Bernhard

Below

2020

Agronomy Journal

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“…The length of the error bars revealed that the concentration of values used in the analysis is high and thus the average value is certain. These results corroborate the findings of Hakansson and Lipiec (2000) and Sun et al (2018), where the researchers concluded that soil bulk density increases with compaction and decreases when the soil is pulverized. On the other hand, there is an inverse proportionality relationship between the soil moisture content and the level of soil compaction.…”

Section: Soil Bulk Density and Moisture Contentsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of graded compaction of tilled and untilled sandy loam soil on growth and yield of maize

Igoni¹,

Jumbo²,

Davis³

2020

J. Soil Sci. Environ. Manage.

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The performance of maize on tilled and untilled sandy loam soil, under different levels of compaction of 0, 2, 4 and 6 tractor-wheel passes in a humid tropical environment was investigated with a Massey Ferguson (MF) 90-disc plough, mounted on an MF 260 tractor. The experimentation had different aspects, respectively conducted in the field and laboratory, at the Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The experimental field was a 72 m 2 plot of land, which was left fallow for two years before the investigation. The plot was subdivided into five experimental subplots of 9 m 2 each, numbered 1 to 5, with a furrow spacing of 0.5 m. Soil samples were taken randomly at a depth of 0.3 m for the determination of the soil physical properties. After the compaction treatments, maize seeds were manually planted at a depth of 0.05 m and the growth and yield of the maize monitored over a period of fourteen weeks after planting. The investigation showed that the maize crop performed optimally on subplot (2), which was tilled and un-compacted, with a dry matter content of 2,859 kg ha-1 , while the least performance was on subplot (1) that was untilled and un-compacted, with a dry matter content of 1,192 kg ha-1. Therefore, this research establishes that, with the agricultural practice of shifting cultivation, sandy loam soil in a humid tropical region requires a minimum level of tillage to achieve optimal yield of maize crop.

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“…The recipient maize cultivar was Zhengdan958 (Z958, Hybrid of Zheng58 × Chang7-2) and the EPSPS transgenic herbicide-tolerant maize line was CC2 (produced by the insertion of the maroACC gene) (Yan et al, 2018; Sun et al, 2019). The experimental fields were located in Yuanyang, Xinxiang City, Henan Province, China (N 35.011°, E 113.711°) and Zhangqiu, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China (N 36.780°, E 117.384°).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichments/Derichments of Root-Associated Bacteria Related to Plant Growth and Nutrition Caused by the Growth of an EPSPS-Transgenic Maize Line in the Field

Wen

Yang

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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During the past decades, the effects of the transgenic crops on soil microbial communities have aroused widespread interest of scientists, which was mainly related to the health and growth of plants. In this study, the maize root-associated bacterial communities of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase ( EPSPS ) transgenic glyphosate-tolerant (GT) maize line CC-2 (CC2) and its recipient variety Zhengdan958 (Z958) were compared at the tasseling and flowering stages by high-throughput sequencing of V3-V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicons via Illumina MiSeq. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was also performed to analyze the nifH gene abundance between CC2 and Z958. Our results showed no significant difference in alpha/beta diversity of root-associated bacterial communities at the tasseling or flowering stage between CC2 and Z958 under field growth conditions. The relative abundances of the genera Bradyrhizobium and Bacillus including species B. cereus and B. muralis were significantly lower in the roots of CC2 than that of Z985 under field conditions. Both these species are regarded as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), as they belong to both nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacterial genera. The comparison of the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing/phosphate-solubilizing bacteria at the class, order or family levels indicated that only one class Bacilli, one order Bacillales and one family Bacillaceae were found to be significantly lower in the roots of CC2 than that of Z985. These bacteria were also enriched in the roots and rhizospheric soil than in the surrounding soil at both two stages. Furthermore, the class Betaproteobacteria, the order Burkholderiales, the family Comamonadaceae , and the genus Acidovorax were significantly higher in the roots of CC2 than that of Z985 at the tasseling stage, meanwhile the order Burkholderiales and the family Comamonadaceae were also enriched in the roots than in the rhizospheric soil at both stages. Additionally, the nifH gene abundance at the tasseling stage in the rhizosphere soil also showed significant difference. The relative abundance of nifH gene was higher in the root samples and lower in the surrounding soil, which implicated that the roots of maize tend to be enriched in nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

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Maize Canopy Photosynthetic Efficiency, Plant Growth, and Yield Responses to Tillage Depth

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Plant population and row spacing effects on corn: Plant growth, phenology, and grain yield

Plant population and row spacing effects on corn: Plant growth, phenology, and grain yield

Effect of graded compaction of tilled and untilled sandy loam soil on growth and yield of maize

Enrichments/Derichments of Root-Associated Bacteria Related to Plant Growth and Nutrition Caused by the Growth of an EPSPS-Transgenic Maize Line in the Field

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