Maize kernel growth and kernel water relations as affected by nitrogen supply

Melchiori, Roberto; Caviglia, Octavio Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2008.05.003

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These results differ from those observed by Melchiori and Caviglia (2008) who found that an increased nitrogen input increases MWCG in an optimum planting date, but not in a late planting date, and Martinez-Rueda et al (2010) who reported that in modern hybrids of maize from Highlands, MWCG increases with higher doses of nitrogen, regardless of planting date. Based on this and according to Borrás et al (2003); Gambín and Borrás (2010) it can be inferred that under the environment with LDMS the potential grain weight (estimated from the MWCG) was limited by a lower contribution of assimilates during the EPGF, indicated by lower MGW (287-321 mg grain -1 ), and that the observed increase in the MGW from 298 to 349 mg grain -1 temperatura) que se traduce en bajas tasas de crecimiento del cultivo durante el PELLG.…”

Section: Grain Growth Parameters and Determining The Maximum Graincontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Con los valores de los parámetros obtenidos del modelos (1) y (2) y el resto de las variables estudiadas se realizó el análisis de varianza combinado (ANDEVA) que integró a los cuatro ambientes de estudio y comparaciones de medias con la prueba de la diferencia significativa honesta (p< 0.05) utilizando el paquete estadístico SAS ® (SAS Institute, 2004), las relaciones water content in the grain (MWCG) was estimated according to Gambín et al (2007) through a cubic model (R 2 = 0.84 to 0.96), where the WCG and MG were related (Melchiori and Caviglia, 2008), and was obtained as the MWCG reached for a MG content of 55% as described in equation (2):…”

Section: Análisis Estadísticounclassified

“…En la FTSM, el mayor aporte de nitrógeno incrementó el CMAG en contraste con la FOSM en donde el CMAG se redujo (Cuadro 2). in a ODMS is associated with higher rates of growth of the plant in flowering due to increased availability of nitrogen (Melchiori and Caviglia, 2008) (Table 2). …”

Section: Grain Growth Parameters and Determining The Maximum Grainunclassified

“…The accumulated TT per day was estimated as the difference between average air temperature and the base temperature (0 °C) (Melchiori and Caviglia, 2008;Borrás et al, 2009). Daily temperatures were obtained from a weather station (Davis, Weather Monitor II, USA) located 500 m from the experiment.…”

Section: Variables De Estudiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential capacity of demand (PCD; g m -2 ) was calculated as the product between the number of grains m -2 (NG) and MWCG, and the growth rate of the potential capacity of demand (GRPCD; g m -2 °Cd -1 ) as the product of the NG per the GFR (Melchiori and Caviglia, 2008). Grain yield (GY, 14% moisture) was estimated by hand harvesting 20 plants in the useful plot, and the number of grains per unit area (NG) by counting the number of grains per cob of a sample of 10 plants for each treatment.…”

Section: Análisis Estadísticomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinantes del peso de grano en cultivares nativos e híbridos de maíz

Corona-Mendoza

Martínez-Rueda

Estrada-Campuzano

2018

Remexca

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ResumenEl objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los parámetros fisiológicos que explican las variaciones en el peso individual de grano entre cultivares nativos e híbridos y analizar el avance genético en el rendimiento de grano de maíz de valles altos. Se evaluaron dos cultivares nativos (Ixtlahuaca y Jiquipilco), dos híbridos antiguos (H-30 y H-32) y dos modernos (Z-60 y H-40), en cuatro ambientes contrastantes, variando la fecha de siembra (FO: óptima 2/04/09 y FT: tardía 30/04/09) y sistemas de producción (SA: antiguo 5 plantas m -2 , 80N-40P-00K y SM: moderno 8 plantas m -2 , 180N-90P-60K), durante 2009 en Toluca, México. Existieron diferencias significativas entre genotipos y ambientes para el peso máximo de grano (PMG), rendimiento de grano (RG) y sus principales componentes, sin que se presentaran efectos de interacción GxA. Las variaciones en el PMG se explicaron principalmente por cambios en la tasa de llenado de grano (TLLG). En la FO, los cultivares nativos mostraron mayor PMG y contenido máximo de agua en el grano (CMAG) debido a una mayor TLLG. La capacidad potencial de demanda (CPD) fue mayor en los híbridos modernos, y estuvo directamente relacionada (R 2 = 0.89, p< 0.01) con un mayor RG. Los híbridos modernos en los cuatro ambientes presentaron mayor RG, superando en promedio a los cultivares nativos en 2.27 t ha -1 y a los AbstractThe objective , 180N-90P-60K), in 2009 in Toluca, Mexico. There were significant differences between genotypes and environments for maximum grain weight (MGW), grain yield (GY) and its major components, without GxA interaction effects. Variations in the MGW were mainly explained by changes in the grain filling rate (GFR). In the OD, native cultivars showed higher MGW and maximum water content in the grain (MWCG) due to increased RGF. The potential capacity of demand (PCD) was higher in modern hybrids, and was directly related (R 2 = 0.89, p< 0.01) with a higher GY. The modern hybrids in the four environments had higher GY, exceeding in average the native cultivars at 2.27 t ha -1 and to ancient hybrids in 1.59 t ha -1. These results indicate that genetic progress achieved with modern hybrids from Highlands is based on a more stable GN and MGW. Palabras clave: Zea mays L., contenido de agua en el grano, peso máximo de grano, tasa de llenado del grano. IntroducciónEn maíz (Zea mays L.), el rendimiento de grano (RG) depende del número de granos por unidad de superficie (NG) y del peso individual de grano (PIG) obtenidos a la cosecha (Borrás et al., 2003). El peso potencial que puede alcanzar el grano difiere del peso que alcanza a madurez fisiológica, debido a factores agronómicos y ambientales (e.g. fecha de siembra, densidad de población, nitrógeno disponible, temperatura, estrés hídrico) y a factores intrínsecos del genotipo (e.g. ciclo ontogénico, relaciones fuente-demanda, tolerancia a estrés biótico y abiótico) que pueden limitar la disponibilidad de asimilados durante la etapa de llenado del grano (Borrás et al., 2003(Borrás et al., y 2009).El crecimiento ...

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Section: Grain Growth Parameters and Determining The Maximum Graincontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Análisis Estadísticounclassified

Section: Grain Growth Parameters and Determining The Maximum Grainunclassified

Section: Variables De Estudiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Análisis Estadísticomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Determinantes del peso de grano en cultivares nativos e híbridos de maíz

Corona-Mendoza

Martínez-Rueda

Estrada-Campuzano

2018

Remexca

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Diallel analysis of kernel weight and grain‐filling traits in maize grown under contrasting nitrogen supply

2023

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Understanding the inheritance of maize (Zea mays L.) kernel weight (KW) under contrasting nitrogen (N) supply is crucial for obtaining high KW across diverse N conditions. This work evaluated broad‐sense heritability (H2), general combining ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA) under contrasting N levels for (i) KW and kernel number per plant and (ii) grain‐filling traits represented by the duration of lag and effective filling phases, kernel growth and desiccation rates, maximum water content and volume, and moisture content at physiological maturity. A six‐parent full diallel cross generated via Griffing's method 3 was tested under high (N200) and low (N0) N supply in 2 years (Y). For the various traits: (i) F1 hybrid, and F1 by Y and/or N interactions were significant (p < 0.05); (ii) GCA was significant at both N levels and affected (p < 0.05) by the Y effect; (iii) SCA was important (p < 0.05) only at N200; and (iv) GCA sum of squares was higher than those of SCA (except for KW). For KW and grain‐filling traits, H2 and GCA/SCA ratios were higher at N0 than at N200, suggesting low‐N environments would be more advantageous for developing genetic selection. Lag‐phase duration (LPD), kernel desiccation rate (KDR), and kernel maximum water content (KWCMAX) had higher H2 (≥0.70) and GCA/SCA ratio than KW, particularly under N0. Thus, the highest KW hybrid (LP2×LP662) was composed of inbreds with high GCA for LPD, KDR and KWCMAX, revealing superior KW hybrids could be selected from the GCA of mentioned traits.

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Kernel weight responses to the photothermal environment in maize dent × flint and flint × flint hybrids

2021

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Maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield is assumed to be source limited during the flowering period but sink limited during grain growth; however, environmental restrictions during active grain filling may strongly affect final kernel weight (KW). In this study, we evaluated the effect of natural changes in photothermal conditions during lag phase (LP) and effective grain‐filling period (EGFP) on KW, its physiological determinants, and the post‐flowering source–sink relationships of flint and semident germplasm. F1 hybrids of flint × flint and dent × flint background were tested during four seasons (Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4). Across years, the highest KW (286 mg) was obtained under the maximum photothermal quotients during LP (PTQLP = 1.18 MJ m−2 °C−1) and EGFP (PTQEGFP = 1.07 MJ m−2 °C−1) of Y2, whereas the smallest KW (252 mg) and source–sink ratio during grain filling was obtained under the lowest PTQEGFP (.79 MJ m−2 °C−1) of Y3. Supra‐optimum temperatures during LP of Y3 negatively affected potential KW determination, and hence kernel growth rate (P < .001) as a result of reduced assimilate availability per kernel. Hybrids dent × flint exhibited higher grain yield, kernel number, and plant growth around flowering than flint × flint throughout evaluated seasons but had reduced source–sink relationship during grain filling (P < .05) and increased KW sensitivity (P < .001) to changes in the photothermal conditions. Results emphasized the importance of the photothermal environment during grain filling on KW determination (particularly for seasons with great photothermal imbalance between filling subphases) as well as the dependency of KW responses on the genetic background.

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Maize kernel growth and kernel water relations as affected by nitrogen supply

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Determinantes del peso de grano en cultivares nativos e híbridos de maíz

Determinantes del peso de grano en cultivares nativos e híbridos de maíz

Diallel analysis of kernel weight and grain‐filling traits in maize grown under contrasting nitrogen supply

Kernel weight responses to the photothermal environment in maize dent × flint and flint × flint hybrids

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