Maize response to plant population and soil water supply II. Plant barrenness and harvest index

Averbeke, W. Van; Marais, J. N.

doi:10.1080/02571862.1994.10634300

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, as previously stated, this cultivar had higher RUE value at Md (3.2 g Mj −1 ) (Figure 9) than P. Saltillo and Azufrado 2 and a growth rate of 0.57 g m −2 day −1 (Figure 8). One possible reason for the low HI value at Md, as explained by Averbeke and Marais [58], is that HI is closely related to the proportion of barren plants that contribute to total biomass but not to grain (such as in the case of Flor de Mayo Bajio). Increases in barrenness or seed/pod abortion in plants can result in reductions in the harvest index, especially in situations of increased planting density under limiting soil moisture available to plants [58].…”

Section: Harvest Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Performance and Response to High Plant Densities of Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

et al. 2020

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To identify eco-efficient bean cultivars that can be planted at high densities for sustainable bean production under climate change, this study analyzed the performance of ten dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown at 90,000, 145,000 and 260,000 plants ha−1 under rainfed semi-arid conditions in Mexico. The study compared the yield and yield components (leaf area index (LAI), pods per plant, and hundred seed weight) of the cultivars. We also analyzed the dry matter distribution (DMD), growth rate (GR), radiation use efficiency (RUE), and harvest index (HI) of the best performing cultivars to determine how they respond to higher densities. The cultivars were established under similar planting and management conditions during two growing seasons. The precipitation for the first and second seasons were 175 and 492 mm, respectively, representing 57% and 160% of the mean precipitation in the area during the July–October growing period. Pinto Saltillo, a drought-tolerant indeterminate semi-prostrate cultivar, and Azufrado 2, a determinate shrub cultivar, performed best at high densities under low-precipitation conditions (175 mm). Both cultivars responded to the highest density (260,000 plants ha−1) with increases of 54% to 69% (0.7 to 1.1) in LAI and 21% to 86% (0.32–0.81 Mg ha−1) in yield. The two cultivars responded to increasing plant density with a modification in their fraction of DMD over plant parts and a change in their GR from 0.23–0.25 at low density to 0.96–1.74 gr m−2 day−1 at high density. The two cultivars had an RUE of 3.8 to 4.4 g MJ−1 and HI of 0.31 to 0.36 at high planting density. Farmers’ use of these commercially available cultivars proven to have high yields and the ability to respond favorably to high densities under rainfed conditions can be a viable short-term strategy to increase dry bean production for sustainable agriculture in semi-arid temperate regions.

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Section: Harvest Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Performance and Response to High Plant Densities of Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

et al. 2020

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“…(1997) reported that in Minnesota, USA, the optimal corn yield was achieved at populations ranging from 79 000–86 000 plants ha −1 under most conditions. Also, in South Africa, Van Averbeke and Marais (1994) obtained the optimal yield of 90 000 plants ha −1 when corn had adequate moisture. Westgate et al.…”

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Competitive effects of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) on the growth indices and yield of corn

Sheibany¹,

Meybodi

Atri

2009

Weed Biology and Management

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The mutual effects of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) on corn (Zea mays) were evaluated in an experiment conducted in 2005 at the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute at Qazvin, considering the different densities of redroot pigweed against four different corn densities. Redroot pigweed, at 0, 35, 50, 65, and 80 plants m -1 row -1 , was arranged factorially with corn at four, five, six, and seven plants m -1 row -1 in a randomized complete block design. Crop-weed competition resulted in a reduction in the total dry matter, Leaf Area Index, and crop growth rate of corn. Furthermore, an increasing weed density Յ65 plants m -1 row -1 reduced the corn grain yield and biological yield. Overall, six corn plants m -1 row -1 was suggested as the optimum density of this crop in competition with redroot pigweed.

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Influence of corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) yield

Teasdale

1998

Weed sci.

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Research was conducted to determine the optimum population and row spacing for corn production and for suppressing velvetleaf growth and seed production. Corn was grown in a factorial arrangement of three populations targeted at 64,000 (1 ×), 96,000 (1.5 ×), or 128,000 (2 ×) plants ha−1and two row spacings of 38 or 76 cm. Influences on corn were determined in weed-free plots, and influences on velvetleaf were determined for target plants established at 1.5–m intervals along the center of corn interrows. Four velvetleaf plantings were made at weekly intervals beginning at corn planting. Corn row spacing had little influence on corn or velvetleaf. Corn yield exhibited a parabolic response to population with a maximum of approximately 90,000 plants ha−1in one year, no response to population in another year, and a linear decline with increasing population in a dry year. Velvetleaf seed production was reduced 69 to 94% by the 1.5 × population and 99% by the 2 × population compared to the standard 1 × population when velvetleaf emerged with corn. Velvetleaf seed production was eliminated when velvetleaf emerged at or later than corn leaf stages 3, 5, and 6 for corn populations of 2 ×, 1.5 ×, and 1 ×, respectively. Reduced velvetleaf seed production was correlated with lower positioning of plants in the corn canopy and reduced light availability. Results suggest that higher corn populations could aid integrated weed management strategies by reducing seed production and limiting the build-up of weed populations.

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Maize response to plant population and soil water supply II. Plant barrenness and harvest index

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Yield Performance and Response to High Plant Densities of Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

Yield Performance and Response to High Plant Densities of Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions

Competitive effects of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) on the growth indices and yield of corn

Influence of corn (Zea mays) population and row spacing on corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) yield

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