Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil

Chang, Fangdi; WANG, Xi-quan; Song, Jiashen; ZHANG, Hong-yuan; Yu, Ru; Jing, Wang; Jian, Liu; WANG, Shang; JI, Hong-jie; LI, Yu-yi

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.02.025

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This improved macroaggregate properties (Figure 5a-c), thus increasing soil aggregate stability (Arai et al, 2013;Spohn & Giani, 2011;Xu, 2019), which protects organic carbon against microbial decomposition, especially for the labile component. However, in this study, the effects of the treatments in deep soil were not significant, which could be related to the depth of straw returning (Chang et al, 2023). For example, Zheng et al ( 2021) found that deep straw returning at 20-40 cm soil depth increased SOC content by up to 27% in the 20-40 cm soil layer, but only 8% in the 0-20 cm soil layer.…”

Section: Soil Organic Carbon Content After Ss Treatmentcontrasting

confidence: 65%

Long‐term combined subsoiling and straw mulching conserves water and improves agricultural soil properties

Yang,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Subsoiling and straw mulching are two techniques that conserve soil water and improve the sustainability of agricultural production. However, the benefits to soil sustainability of combining subsoiling with straw mulching under intensive rotation between wheat and maize remain uncertain. We conducted a field experiment to determine the long‐term impacts of conventional tillage with straw mulching (CS), and subsoiling with straw mulching (SS), on soil macropore characteristics (>160 μm), soil aggregate characteristics, and soil hydraulic parameters at 0–100 cm depths. Results indicate that SS increased the mean macropore number (66.9%), macroporosity (93.5%), pore circularity (3.5%), field moisture capacity (11.8%), saturated moisture content (21.4%), available soil moisture content (24.1%), and the saturated hydraulic conductivity (39.3%) in the shallowest 50 cm of soil, and total organic carbon content (34.5%) and soil labile organic carbon (20.2%) in the shallowest 30 cm of soil, compared to CS. Compared with CS, SS was more effective at increasing the proportion of aggregates larger than 0.25 mm in the top 20 cm of soil and decreasing the proportion of aggregates smaller than 0.25 mm in the top 30 cm of soil. Correlations between soil organic carbon and various soil physical properties under different practices suggest that SS has larger causative effects on soil physical properties than CS. Therefore, SS is recommended over CS.

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Section: Soil Organic Carbon Content After Ss Treatmentcontrasting

confidence: 65%

Long‐term combined subsoiling and straw mulching conserves water and improves agricultural soil properties

Yang,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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“…In this study, the soil inorganic nitrogen increased with the increasing of nitrogen rates, but with the increased of nitrogen rates, the improvement effect of soil inorganic nitrogen was getting smaller and smaller, and there was no signi cant difference between N250 and N300 (P > 0.05). Nitrogen concentration will directly affect the concentration of soil inorganic nitrogen, and nitrogen application can signi cantly increase the content of soil inorganic nitrogen (Chang et al, 2023). Excessive nitrogen application will be leached to the deep soil by rainfall and other ways because the plants cannot be absorbed completely, resulting in nitrogen loss and environmental pollution (Meng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Soil Total Nitrate Nitrogen and Ammonia Nitrogen Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation combines with nitrogen application to optimize soil carbon and nitrogen, increase maize yield, and nitrogen use efficiency

Li,

Wang,

Khan

et al. 2024

Plant Soil

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Aim and methods Staged water shortages and excessive nitrogen application lead to a decline in crop yield, and nitrogen loss, waste of resources and environmental pollution. In order to explore the appropriate water management in humid areas and to determine an e cient nitrogen rates for maize, we conducted a eld experiment (2020-2021), with ve nitrogen rates N0, N150, N200, N250, N300 (0, 150, 200, 250, 300 kg ha -1 ) under different water conditions (rainfed and irrigated).Conclusion Consequently, under the irrigated conditions, the soil organic matter (SOM), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dry matter accumulation and grain yield were signi cantly (P < 0.05) increased by 8.06%, 15.50%, 11.43% and 13.86%, respectively, compared with the rainfed conditions. And the total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 --N), ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N) decreased signi cantly by 4.38%, 8.28%, 13.21%, respectively. Furthermore, compared with other nitrogen rates, N250 and N300 combined with irrigated signi cantly (P < 0.05) increased soil carbon and nitrogen content, dry matter accumulation and grain yield. However, N250 and N300 displayed no signi cant difference (P > 0.05) in TN, NO 3 --N, NH 4 + -N, SOM, MBC, dry matter accumulation and grain yield. Moreover, under the irrigated conditions, when the nitrogen rates increased more than 250 kg ha -1 , the nitrogen use e ciency decreased. Hence, application of nitrogen rates of 250 kg ha -1 under irrigated conditions is the best choice to increase grain yield, improve nitrogen use e ciency, and ensuring safe and e cient production in maize.

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“…Additional advantages of using deep straw include lowering soil pH, reducing particle density, and improving plant emergence, according to other researchers [23]. Furthermore, the thorough integration of straw into the soil can enhance the content of soil organic matter, thereby ensuring consistent crop yields [24]. This practice also facilitates the deceleration of water infiltration, as well as the optimization of water and salt distribution and soil structure within the tillage layer [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Straw Mulching and Deep Burial Mode on Water and Salt Transport Regularity in Saline Soils

Li,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Water

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To examine the impacts of various straw mulching techniques, this study used the indoor soil column test as the primary research method and the field test as the validation test on the salinity dynamics of saline and alkaline soils. The experiment in this study was designed with five treatments: SC means for straw covered on the soil surface; DB means for straw buried 40 cm below the soil surface; S1D1, S2D1, and S1D2 represent the ratio of soil surface cover to the amount of straw buried 40 cm below the soil surface as 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, respectively. The results of the indoor soil column test showed that all kinds of straw mulching techniques could effectively reduce soil moisture evaporation, and the straw mulching and deep burial mode was more effective: after 45 days of evaporation, compared with that of CK, the cumulative evaporation of soil moisture were reduced by 29.61%, 27.49%, 37.87%, 65.85%, and 54.58% for SC, DB, S1D1, S2D1, and S1D2, respectively; the straw mulching and deep burial mode could reduce the soil evaporation intensity more effectively than the single-layer straw mulching mode: the mean soil evaporation rates of CK, SC, DB, S1D1, S2D1 and S1D2 after 45 days of evaporation were 1.27 mm/day, 0.90 mm/day, 0.92 mm/day, 0.80 mm/day, 0.43 mm/day, and 0.58 mm/day; various straw mulching techniques could inhibit the accumulation of salts in the surface soil and effectively regulate the distribution of salts in the soil profile, among which the straw mulching and deep burial mode had the best effect of salinity suppression: after 30 days of evaporation, the re-salinization levels of the 0–40 cm soil layer of SC, DB, S1D1, S2D1, and S1D2 were reduced by 66.78%, 43.08%, 33.95%, 92.04% and 45.94% compared with that in the CK, respectively; there was a significant positive correlation between cumulative evaporation of soil moisture and cumulative soil salinity, which implied that cumulative soil salinity increased with the increase in cumulative evaporation of soil moisture. The results of the field experiment justified the results of the indoor soil column test: after four months of evaporation, the field moisture contents of CK, SC, DB, S1D1, S2D1, and S1D2 in the 0–20 cm soil layer were 14.77%, 3.51%, 15.10%, 15.26%, 18.73%, and 2.94%, respectively; during the experimental period, the salt inhibition rate of SC, DB, S1D1, S2D1 and S1D2 in 0–20 cm soil layer were 35.46%, 44.76%, 50.98%, 54.80% and 37.30%, respectively. Therefore, in a comprehensive view, S2D1 treatment had the best effect of salt and vapor suppression on saline soil. This study is of great significance for the resource utilization of straw waste, the improvement of water utilization and efficiency, and the management of soil salinization.

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Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Long‐term combined subsoiling and straw mulching conserves water and improves agricultural soil properties

Long‐term combined subsoiling and straw mulching conserves water and improves agricultural soil properties

Irrigation combines with nitrogen application to optimize soil carbon and nitrogen, increase maize yield, and nitrogen use efficiency

Effect of Straw Mulching and Deep Burial Mode on Water and Salt Transport Regularity in Saline Soils

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