Majewskaea gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new marine benthic diatom genus from the Adriatic Sea

Vijver, Bart Van de; Robert, Käthe; Witkowski, Andrzej; Bosak, Sunčica

doi:10.5507/fot.2020.001

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) are a diverse group of largely photosynthetic microalgae characterized by their uniquely shaped siliceous thecae (frustules) and are commonly found in the plankton and benthos of many different aquatic habitats. Recent studies have expanded the known diversity of epizoic diatoms through increased sampling of hosts to include sea turtles 5 – 22 , sea snakes 23 and manatees 24 , 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivating epizoic diatoms provides insights into the evolution and ecology of both epibionts and hosts

Ashworth

Majewska

Frankovich

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Our understanding of the importance of microbiomes on large aquatic animals—such as whales, sea turtles and manatees—has advanced considerably in recent years. The latest observations indicate that epibiotic diatom communities constitute diverse, polyphyletic, and compositionally stable assemblages that include both putatively obligate epizoic and generalist species. Here, we outline a successful approach to culture putatively obligate epizoic diatoms without their hosts. That some taxa can be cultured independently from their epizoic habitat raises several questions about the nature of the interaction between these animals and their epibionts. This insight allows us to propose further applications and research avenues in this growing area of study. Analyzing the DNA sequences of these cultured strains, we found that several unique diatom taxa have evolved independently to occupy epibiotic habitats. We created a library of reference sequence data for use in metabarcoding surveys of sea turtle and manatee microbiomes that will further facilitate the use of environmental DNA for studying host specificity in epizoic diatoms and the utility of diatoms as indicators of host ecology and health. We encourage the interdisciplinary community working with marine megafauna to consider including diatom sampling and diatom analysis into their routine practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivating epizoic diatoms provides insights into the evolution and ecology of both epibionts and hosts

Ashworth

Majewska

Frankovich

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) are a diverse group of largely photosynthetic microalgae characterized by their uniquely shaped siliceous thecae (frustules) and are commonly found in the plankton and benthos of many different aquatic habitats. Recent studies have expanded the known diversity of epizoic diatoms through increased sampling of hosts to include sea turtles [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22], sea snakes [23] and manatees [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturing Putatively Obligate Epizoic Diatoms: Insights for the Evolution and Ecology of Diatoms and Their Host

Ashworth

Majewska

Frankovich

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Our understanding of the importance of microbiomes on large aquatic animals—such as whales, sea turtles and manatees—has advanced considerably in recent years. Recent activity describing the epizoic diatoms growing on marine vertebrates suggests that these epibiotic diatom communities constitute diverse, polyphyletic, and compositionally stable assemblages that include both putatively obligate epizoic and generalist species. Here, we outline a successful attempt to culture putatively obligate epizoic diatoms without their hosts and propose further applications and research avenues in this growing area of study. Results: We cultured cells of epizoic diatoms from multiple host species sampled in the wild and captivity. Analyzing the DNA sequences of these cultures, we found that several unique diatom taxa have independently evolved to occupy in epibiotic habitats. We created a library of reference sequence data for use in metabarcoding surveys of sea turtle and manatee microbiomes that will further facilitate the use of environmental DNA for studying host specificity in epizoic diatoms and the utility of diatoms as indicators of host ecology and health. Conclusions: Our discovery that epizoic diatoms can be cultured independently from their hosts raises several questions about the nature of the interaction between these diatom species and their hosts. We encourage the interdisciplinary community working with marine megafauna to consider including diatom sampling and diatom analysis into their routine practices.

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Navithidium gen. nov., a new monoraphid diatom (Bacillariophyceae) genus based on Achnanthes delicatissima Simonsen

et al. 2021

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We investigated the ultrastructure of Achnanthes delicatissima Simonsen in materials collected from the Swedish Baltic coast. Valve structure differs markedly from that of Achnanthes sensu lato, particularly in the absence of cribrate areolae which separates Achnanthes from all other members of the family Achnanthaceae. Comparing this species with those recently described achnanthoid genera, such as Scalariella Riaux-Gobin & Witkowski and Madinithidium Witkowski, Desrosiers & Riaux-Gobin revealed morphological differences that warrant the erection of a new genus, Navithidium. Owing to the small size of the frustules, it is difficult to identify Navithidium delicatissima in light microscopy due to similarities with some closely related taxa like Achnanthidium pseudochamaepinnularia (which is here transferred to Navithidium). A comparison with related genera is provided and discussed.

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Majewskaea gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new marine benthic diatom genus from the Adriatic Sea

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Cultivating epizoic diatoms provides insights into the evolution and ecology of both epibionts and hosts

Cultivating epizoic diatoms provides insights into the evolution and ecology of both epibionts and hosts

Culturing Putatively Obligate Epizoic Diatoms: Insights for the Evolution and Ecology of Diatoms and Their Host

Navithidium gen. nov., a new monoraphid diatom (Bacillariophyceae) genus based on Achnanthes delicatissima Simonsen

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