Major and trace element distributions in manganese nodules and micronodules as well as abyssal clay from the Clarion-Clipperton abyssal plain, Northeast Pacific

Duliu, Octavian G.; Alexe, V.; Moutte, Jacques; Szobotca, S.A.

doi:10.1007/s00367-008-0123-5

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…A comparison of obtained Ba concentrations with the results of similar studies carried out in the central part of the CCFZ [95], as well as sediments collected from the Government of the Republic of Korea Claim Area [42], confirmed the distinctive enrichment in Ba. The barium contents in nine sediment samples analyzed by former researchers [95] ranged from 3884 to 12,997 ppm, with an average of 6154 ppm, while the average Ba concentration in later studies [42] was 6508 ppm. The observed enrichment of REE in samples below the active layer can be attributed both to crystallographic constraints of substitution, or to solution complexing of REE in the precipitating medium.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The high quantity of Fe-smectite may indicate the primary presence of pyroclastic material, such as volcanic glass, and effect of halmyrolysis. This mineral may also have a detrital origin, but the quantity in the analyzed samples (6.6-32.8% of all mineral phases), the occurrence of volcanic glass previously found by [60], and the distance from land are suggestive of authigenic origin [95].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

et al. 2020

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The geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of pelagic sediments collected from the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) claim area, located in the eastern part of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ; eastern tropical Pacific), are described in this paper. The concentrations of rare earth elements (REE), as well as other selected critical elements contained in 135 sediment samples of siliceous clayey silts, are presented. The vertical and spatial variabilities of elements, with particular emphasis on REE as well as metals of the highest economic interest such as Cu, Ni, and Co, are detailed. The applied methods include grain size analysis by laser diffraction, geochemistry examination using ICP-MS, XRF, AAS, and CNS spectrometry, and XRD analysis of mineral composition (Rietveld method). Additionally, statistical methods such as factor analysis (FA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were applied to the results. Finally, a series of maps was prepared by geostatistical methods (universal kriging). Grain size analysis showed poor sorting of the examined fine-grained silts. ICP-MS indicated that total REE contents varied from 200 to 577 ppm, with a mean of 285 ppm, which is generally low. The contents of critical metals such as Cu, Ni, and Co were also low to moderate, apart from some individual sampling stations where total contents were 0.15% or more. Metal composition in sediments was dominated by Cu, Ni, and Zn. A mineral composition analysis revealed the dominance of amorphous biogenic opaline silica (27–58%), which were mostly remnants of diatoms, radiolarians, and sponges associated with clay minerals (23% to 48%), mostly Fe-smectite and illite, with mixed-layered illite/smectite. The high abundance of diagenetic barite crystals found in SEM−EDX observations explains the high content of Ba (up to 2.4%). The sediments showed complex lateral and horizontal fractionation trends for REE and critical metals, caused mostly by clay components, early diagenetic processes, admixtures of allogenic detrital minerals, or scavenging by micronodules.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

et al. 2020

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“…In the case of JMn1 and the Hawaii sample, Mg was used as an internal standard for corrections, the reasons being as follows: it has been reported that the distributions of K, Ca, and Sr are not constant, whereas those of Na and Mg are almost constant in the structure of the ferromanganese nodule collected from the Pacific Ocean (12 -12 40'N, 137 40' -138 50'W). 22 Thus, Na and Mg appear to be appropriate for a correction of a ferromanganese nodule collected from the Pacific Ocean. Furthermore, the blank spectrum without any samples exhibits a high background signal at an m/z of 23 Na (4 × 10 5 cps), and a low background signal (1 × 10 2 cps) at an m/z of 24 Mg, in the medium-resolution mode.…”

Section: Treatment For Internal Standard Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination Method of Multi Elements in Ferromanganese Samples by LA-ICP-MS

2013

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A dilution method using MnO2 for the manganese nodule standard, JMn1, has been newly adopted to obtain accurate calibration lines. Moreover, an internal standard correction method was applied to correct changes in the sample introduction efficiency for the prime purpose of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis. Using the dilution method and the correction method, good calibration lines were successfully obtained for 13 elements. The methods were also applied to the analysis of ferromanganese nodules. The results were in accordance with those obtained by ICP-MS, which requires chemical treatments of samples. The results are encouraging, and imply a high potential of LA-ICP-MS for the analysis of trace elements in ferromanganese nodules.

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“…Major and trace elements in nodules, micronodules, and abyssal clay on the central Clarion-Clipperton abyssal plain presented complex signatures, reflecting the influence of both the upper continental crust and MORB, as well as probable East Pacific Rise material transport via the Pacific North Equatorial Current [10]. Banakar et al (2003) [13] also identified a Himalayan-derived silicate-detritus component in a Central Indian Ocean Fe-Mn crust that was located nearly 1000 km south of the Bengal Fan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, the amalgamated crusts also show a close proximity to the underlying nodules cemented by the consolidated sediments. Deep sea Fe-Mn crusts, nodules, and their associated sediments have been investigated by many researchers studying interelemental relationships and hoping to understand the possible contributions from different sources (i.e., [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]). In the Pacific Ocean, Elderfield et al (1981) [6] observed that the highest nodule rare earth elements (REEs) are associated with the lowest REEs of the associated sediments, and the nodules with the largest positive Ce anomalies are found on sediments with the smallest negative Ce anomalies, indicating competitive scavenging of REEs between the nodules and sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Geochemistry and Bioturbation of Clay Sediments Associated with Amalgamated Crusts at the Gagua Ridge

et al. 2019

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Based on the analysis of geochemical and mineralogical compositions, deep sea clay sediment characteristics and their material sources were examined in the eastern flank of the Gagua Ridge. The mineralogy mainly consists of detrital clay minerals, quartz, and authigenic phillipsite. There is scarce biogenic debris (siliceous or calcareous). The consolidated sediments are more enriched in Si, Al, K, Na, Li, Sc, Cr, Rb, and Cs than the associated crusts and nodules. The unmixed sediment samples were mainlycontributed by Asian eolian dust. The onset of the outer Fe-Mn crust growth nearly coincides with the Central Asia aridification event at ~3.5 Ma, which resulted in an abrupt increase in eolian flux of Asian dust. Intensified surface primary productivity is assumed to bring more metals to deep waters, and eventually facilitate the outer Fe-Mn crust formation. Authigenic phillipsite may come from the alteration of local basic volcanic glasses and cause excess Al, high Al/Ti, and low Si/Al ratios. However, phillipsites hardly affect the abundance of rare earth elements (REEs) and their patterns. In addition, the investigation of two kinds of burrows inside the consolidated sediments reveals that the inner nodules of the amalgamated crusts may remain on the oxic sediment surface, due to frequent benthic activities.

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Major and trace element distributions in manganese nodules and micronodules as well as abyssal clay from the Clarion-Clipperton abyssal plain, Northeast Pacific

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

Determination Method of Multi Elements in Ferromanganese Samples by LA-ICP-MS

The Geochemistry and Bioturbation of Clay Sediments Associated with Amalgamated Crusts at the Gagua Ridge

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