Major Bioactive Compounds of Pilis Plant Materials: A GC-MS Analysis

Timotius, Kris Herawan; Sari, Ita Novita; Santoso, Adit Widodo

doi:10.5530/pc.2015.3.4

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Various reports have revealed that fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum ) seeds’ extract exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, as well as lower blood glucose and cholesterol levels in humans and experimental animals. [ 3 4 5 ] 4-hydroxyisoleucine is a unique amino acid isolated and identified from fenugreek ( T. foenum-graecum ) seeds. It accounts for about 80% of the total amino acid within the seeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular docking analysis of phytic acid and 4-hydroxyisoleucine as cyclooxygenase-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2, tyrosinase, human neutrophil elastase, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, xanthine oxidase, squalene synthase, nitric oxide synthase, human aldose reductase, and lipoxygenase inhibitors

Narayanaswamy¹,

Lam²,

Esa³

2017

Phcog Mag

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Background:The phytoconstituents phytic acid and 4-hydroxyisoleucine have been reported to posses various biological properties.Objective:This prompted us to carry out the docking study on these two ligands (phytic acid & 4-hydroxyisoleucine) against eleven targeted enzymes.Materials and Methods:Phytic acid & 4-hydroxyisoleucine were evaluated on the docking behaviour of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 (mPGES-2), tyrosinase, human neutrophil elastase (HNE), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP 2 and 9), xanthine oxidase (XO), squalene synthase (SQS), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), human aldose reductase (HAR) and lipoxygenase (LOX) using Discovery Studio Version 3.1 (except for LOX, where Autodock 4.2 tool was used).Results:Docking and binding free energy analysis revealed that phytic acid exhibited the maximum binding energy for four target enzymes such as COX-2, mPGES-2, tyrosinase and HNE. Interestingly, we found that 4-hydroxyisoleucine has the potential to dock and bind with all of the eleven targeted enzymes.Conclusion:This present study has paved a new insight in understanding 4-hydroxyisoleucine as potential inhibitor against COX-2, mPGES-2, tyrosinase, HNE, MMP 2, MMP 9, XO, SQS, NOS, HAR and LOX.SUMMARY 4-hydroxyisoleucine has the potential to dock and bind with all 11targeted enzymes such as (cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 [mPGES-2], tyrosinase, human neutrophil elastase [HNE], matrix metalloproteinase [MMP-2 and -9], xanthine oxidase, squalene synthase, nitric oxide synthase, human aldose reductase, and lipoxygenase)Moreover, docking studies and binding free energy calculations revealed that phytic acid exhibited the maximum binding energy for four target enzymes such as COX-2, mPGES-2, tyrosinase, and HNE; however, for other six target enzymes, it fails to dock. Abbreviations used: COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2, mPGES-2: Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2, HNE: Human neutrophil elastase, MMP-2 and -9: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, XO: Xanthine oxidase, SQS: Squalene synthase, NOS: Nitric oxide synthase, HAR: Human aldose reductase, LOX: Lipoxygenase, ADME: Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, TOPKAT: Toxicity Prediction by Computer-assisted Technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular docking analysis of phytic acid and 4-hydroxyisoleucine as cyclooxygenase-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2, tyrosinase, human neutrophil elastase, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, xanthine oxidase, squalene synthase, nitric oxide synthase, human aldose reductase, and lipoxygenase inhibitors

Narayanaswamy¹,

Lam²,

Esa³

2017

Phcog Mag

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“…It further is applied as a tranquillizer/sedative, to stimulate sex hormones, as a tonic, as an antispasmodic, and as an anthelmintic [ 50 ]. It is part of an indigenous herbal medicine from Indonesia called “pilis” to restore vitality and stimulate recovery after childbirth [ 52 ].…”

Section: Essential Oils Of Selected Barksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Bark: An Overview of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Selected Bark Essential Oils

Graf

Stappen

2022

Molecules

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Essential oils hbirthdayave been used by indigenous peoples for medicinal purposes since ancient times. Their easy availability played an important role. Even today, essential oils are used in various fields—be it as aromatic substances in the food industry, as an aid in antibiotic therapy, in aromatherapy, in various household products or in cosmetics. The benefits they bring to the body and health are proven by many sources. Due to their complex composition, they offer properties that will be used more and more in the future. Synergistic effects of various components in an essential oil are also part of the reason for their effectiveness. Infectious diseases will always recur, so it is important to find active ingredients for different therapies or new research approaches. Essential oils extracted from the bark of trees have not been researched as extensively as from other plant components. Therefore, this review will focus on bringing together previous research on selected bark oils to provide an overview of barks that are economically, medicinally, and ethnopharmaceutically relevant. The bark oils described are Cinnamomum verum, Cedrelopsis grevei, Drypetes gossweileri, Cryptocarya massoy, Vanillosmopsis arborea and Cedrus deodara. Literature from various databases, such as Scifinder, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, among others, were used.

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“…The extraction of essential oil from Java Cardamom has been reported by hydrodistillation [4], microwave-assisted hydrodistillation [4], and steam distillation methods. Some reports found that eucalyptol or 1,8 cineole [1], [5] is the main compound of the cardamom, while α-pinene, αterpineol, and humulene are also obtained in smaller doses. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been reported in the literature about a comparative study of the oil composition from the Amomum compactum in different distillation times.…”

Section: Journal Of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom

Raissa

Amalia

Ayurini

et al. 2020

J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.

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Indonesia is one of the largest spice-producing regions such as the Java Cardamom (Amomum compactum). The cardamom can be converted into derivative products in the form of cardamom essential oil. In this work, we attempted to extract the essential oil from the cardamom by comparing two methods of extraction which are the steam distillation and the simple distillation. The optimization factors considered on the extraction yield were solvent (ethyl acetate and n-hexane) and extraction time (3-6 h). The extraction yield obtained by both methods in ethyl acetate solvents was almost equal to that obtained in n-hexane. Also, the result obtained revealed that the extraction yield increased with time. The optimum essential oil yield was obtained by the simple distillation method in 6 hours duration time using n-hexane solvent giving the yield of 6.3 %. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the chemical composition of the extracted oil. The results showed that the chemical composition of the essential oils is different in each extraction time. The main compounds in all oil samples were eucalyptol and camphene among four other constituents. The concentration of eucalyptol reached an optimum (90.89 - 93.74 %) at 4 – 5 h of distillation times, while the concentration of camphene reached an optimum (52.98 %) at 6 h. The purity of the essential oil was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). Moreover, this research will help to utilize the cardamom due to its main compounds that act as herbal medicine.

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Major Bioactive Compounds of Pilis Plant Materials: A GC-MS Analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Beyond the Bark: An Overview of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Selected Bark Essential Oils

The Optimization of Essential Oil Extraction from Java Cardamom

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