Major dietary patterns and differentiated thyroid cancer

et al. 2020

Nutr J

Background Based on data regarding nutrition transition in the Middle East and North Africa, this study aim to investigate the general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns reported from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and adherence to these dietary patterns among Iranian population from 2006 till 2017. Methods We investigated on four examination waves of TLGS, including wave 1 (2006–2008), wave 2 (2009–2011), wave 3 (2012–2014), and wave 4 (2015–2017), using a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Generalized Estimating Equations was used to assess secular trends in anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables across the study period. To identify general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns during each waves, principle component analysis (PCA) and K-mean cluster analysis were used, respectively. Results After adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, body mass index, and total energy intake, the carbohydrate and protein intake gradually increased and the total fat intake decreased during study period (P-value< 0.001), although total energy intake remained stable. During the study period, participants consumed noticeably less refined grains, solid fat, dairy products, and simple sugars. Snack and dessert consumption increased and meat intakes showed no significant changes during a decade (all P-values< 0.001). Three dietary patterns extracted using PCA, included: Healthy dietary pattern characterized by higher intakes of vegetable, fruit, dairy products, liquid oil, nuts and seeds, and honey and jam; Western dietary pattern featured by refined grain, solid fat, meat, snack and dessert, potato, and soft drink, and the Mixed dietary pattern, highlighted by tea and coffee, and simple sugar. Based on cluster analysis, 27.8% of participants in wave 4 followed a Western dietary pattern, and 34.1% followed the Mixed dietary pattern. The Healthy dietary pattern was stable among the study population during the last decade. Conclusions The structure and the type of foods that participants preferred to eat changed since 2006, a new secular trend in dietary patterns, including a stability of Healthy dietary pattern, a decline of the Western dietary pattern and an increase in the Mixed dietary pattern was obsereved in our investigation.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular trend in dietary patterns of Iranian adults from 2006 to 2017: Tehran lipid and glucose study

et al. 2020

Nutr J

“…Most previous epidemiological studies which focused on dietary patterns, have analyzed the relation of dietary pattern with risk of chronic diseases [16][17][18][19][20][21], and only a few of them have investigated the secular trend of dietary patterns over time [9,10,22,23]; mostly three common dietary patterns have been identified throughout Saturated fatty acid (% of energy) 10.6 ± 0.1 9.8 ± 0.0 9.5 ± 0.0 9.3 ± 0.0 < 0.001 Monounsaturated fatty acid (% of energy) 11.0 ± 0.0 9.9 ± 0.0 9.8 ± 0.0 9.8 ± 0.0 < 0.001…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular trend in dietary patterns of Iranian adults from 2006 to 2017: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background by focusing on nutrition transition in the Middle East and North Africa, this study aim to investigate the general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns extracted from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and adherence to these dietary patterns among Iranian population from 2006 till 2017. Methods We investigated on four examination surveys of TLGS including survey 1 (2006-2008), survey 2 (2009-2011), survey 3 (2012-2014), and survey 4 (2015-2017). The dietary intakes was gathered by a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Generalized Estimating Equations was used to assess secular trends in anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables across the study period. To identify general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns during each survey, principle component analysis (PCA) and K-mean cluster analysis were used, respectively. Results After adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, body mass index, and total energy intake, the carbohydrate and protein intake gradually increased and the total fat intake decreased during study period (P-value<0.001); however total energy intake remained stable. During the study period, participants consumed notable less refined grain, solid fat, dairy products, and simple sugar. Snack and dessert consumption increased and meat intake had no significant changes during a decade (all P-values<0.001). Three dietary patterns were extracted buy using PCA including: Healthy dietary pattern characterized by higher intake of vegetable, fruit, dairy products, liquid oil, nuts and seeds, and honey and jam, Western dietary pattern featured by refined grain, solid fat, meat, snack and dessert, potato, and soft drink, and the Mixed dietary pattern highlighted by tea and coffee, and simple sugar. Based on cluster analysis, 27.8% of participants in survey 4 followed a Western dietary pattern, and 34.1% followed the Mixed dietary pattern. The Healthy dietary pattern was stable among study population during the last decade. Conclusions The structure and the type of foods that population have chosen to eat had changed since 2006. And a new secular trend in dietary patterns including a stability of Healthy dietary pattern, a decline of the Western dietary pattern and an increase in the Mixed dietary pattern was presented in our investigation.

“…Most of the previous epidemiological studies which focused on dietary patterns, have analyzed the relation of dietary pattern with risk of chronic diseases [16][17][18][19][20][21], and less of them investigated the secular trend of dietary patterns over the time [9,10,22,23]. Mostly three common dietary patterns have been identified throughout these investigations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secular trend in dietary patterns of Iranian adults from 2006 to 2017: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

et al. 2020

Preprint

nutrition and endocrine research center, research institute for endocrine sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical science Tehran Emad Yuzbashian nutrition and endocrine research center, research institute for endocrine sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, Tehran Maryam Mahdavi obesity research center, research institute for endocrine sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, Tehran ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-4924 Fereidoun Azizi endocrine research center, research institute for endocrine sciences, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, Tehran Abstract Background: by focusing on nutrition transition in the Middle East and North Africa, this study aim to investigate the general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns extracted from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and adherence to these dietary patterns among Iranian population from 2006 till 2017. Methods:We investigated on four examination surveys of TLGS including survey ). The dietary intakes was gathered by a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Generalized Estimating Equations was used to assess secular trends in anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables across the study period. To identify general structure and secular trend of dietary patterns during each survey, principle component analysis (PCA) and K-mean cluster analysis were used, respectively. Results:After adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, body mass index, and total energy intake, the carbohydrate and protein intake gradually increased and the total fat intake decreased during study period (P-value<0.001); however total energy intake remained stable. During the study period, participants consumed notable less refined grain, solid fat, dairy products, and simple sugar. Snack and dessert consumption increased and meat intake had no significant changes during a decade (all P-values<0.001). Three dietary patterns were extracted buy using PCA including:Healthy dietary pattern characterized by higher intake of vegetable, fruit, dairy products, liquid oil, nuts and seeds, and honey and jam, Western dietary pattern featured by refined grain, solid fat, meat, snack and dessert, potato, and soft drink, and the Mixed dietary pattern highlighted by tea and coffee, and simple sugar. Based on cluster analysis, 27.8% of participants in survey 4 followed a Western dietary pattern, and 34.1% followed the Mixed dietary pattern. The Healthy dietary pattern was stable among study population during the last decade. Conclusions:The structure and the type of foods that population have chosen to eat had changed since 2006. And a new secular trend in dietary patterns including a stability of Healthy dietary pattern, a decline of the Western dietary pattern and an increase in the Mixed dietary pattern was presented in our investigation. PCA: principle component analysis SE: standard error STEPS: STEP wise approach to Surveillance Authors' contributions: All authors have read and approved the final...