Major differences between single or twin hair lambs in the immediate postpartum period: Metabolic and thermodynamic patterns detected by infrared thermography

Sousa, Maria Alice Montes de; Esteves, S. N.; Silva, André Guimarães Maciel e; Brandão, Felipe Zandonadi; Daher, Luciara Celi Chaves; Pezzopane, José Ricardo Macedo; Volante, Caio Augusto; Barreto, Andréa do Nascimento; Garcia, Alexandre Rossetto

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103258

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Interestingly, there was an increase in temperature in the hips at D0, which coincided with region of perirenal BAT deposition. These results are consistent with previous reports [ 20 , 28 ]. For ethical reasons, the goats were not sheared in this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Thermal imaging is a non-contact, non-destructive, and highly sensitive temperature detection method that offers a potential non-invasive approach for studying thermogenesis in newborn animals [ 28 ]. Infrared thermography can detect thermal loss and BAT-associated thermogenesis more effectively than core body temperature measurements and has been effectively utilized for thermal mapping of sheep [ 20 , 29 , 30 ]. However, there are no systematic studies on the thermoregulatory responses and thermogenic regions of newborn goats in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1). In this case, the thermographic camera was positioned perpendicular to the anatomical area of interest at a fixation distance of 0.5 m to the head, 1.0 m to the dorsal and left lateral regions of the goats, as previous described [ 20 ]. Thermographic images of 30 goats (D0 ( n = 6), D7 ( n = 6), D14 ( n = 6), D21 ( n = 6) and D28 ( n = 6)) were recorded in this study and the maximum, minimum and mean temperatures (°C) in each region were analyzed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global gene expression profiling of perirenal brown adipose tissue whitening in goat kids reveals novel genes linked to adipose remodeling

Zhao,

Yang,

et al. 2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to be capable of non-shivering thermogenesis under cold stimulation, which is related to the mortality of animals. In the previous study, we observed that goat BAT is mainly located around the kidney at birth, and changes to white adipose tissue (WAT) in the perirenal adipose tissue of goats within one month after birth. However, the regulatory factors underlying this change is remain unclear. In this study, we systematically studied the perirenal adipose tissue of goat kids in histological, cytological, and accompanying molecular level changes from 0 to 28 d after birth. Results Our study found a higher mortality rate in winter-born goat kids, with goat birthing data statistics. Then we used thermal imaging revealing high temperature in goat hips at postnatal 0 d and gradually decrease during 28 d. This is consistent with the region of perirenal BAT deposition and highlights its critical role in energy expenditure and body temperature regulation in goat kids. Additionally, we found a series of changes of BAT during the first 28 d after birth, such as whitening, larger lipid droplets, decreased mitochondrial numbers, and down-regulation of key thermogenesis-related genes (UCP1, DIO2, UCP2, CIDEA, PPARGC1a, C/EBPb, and C/EBPa). Then, we used RNA-seq found specific marker genes for goat adipose tissue and identified 12 new marker genes for BAT and 10 new marker genes for WAT of goats. Furthermore, 12 candidate genes were found to potentially regulate goat BAT thermogenesis. The mechanism of the change of this biological phenomenon does not involve a large-scale death of brown adipocytes and subsequent proliferation of white adipocytes. While apoptosis may play a limited role, it is largely not critical in this transition process. Conclusions We concluded that perirenal BAT plays a crucial role in thermoregulation in newborn goat kids, with notable species differences in the expression of adipose tissue marker genes, and we highlighted some potential marker genes for goat BAT and WAT. Additionally, the change from BAT to WAT does not involve a large-scale death of brown adipocytes and subsequent proliferation of white adipocytes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global gene expression profiling of perirenal brown adipose tissue whitening in goat kids reveals novel genes linked to adipose remodeling

Zhao,

Yang,

et al. 2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…In our study, it was evident that maternal nutritional restriction had greater effects on the growth of the twins, so their lower plasma cortisol concentration could be due not only to litter size, but also to their decreased body growth. Consistently with the above, an inverse relationship between plasma cortisol and birth weight has been previously described (47).…”

Section: Newborns Blood Cortisol and Glucosesupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In our study, plasma cortisol concentration at birth of singletons lambs was 25% higher than in twins. Values for both singleton and twins were in the range (45,46) or in slightly lower values than those previously reported (47) but, in previous studies in well-nourished pregnancies, similar blood cortisol concentrations has been reported for singletons and twins (48). These differences in cortisol values between singletons and twin newborns from undernourished pregnancies in our study may be explained by different maturation of the HPA axis during the fetal life, which results in decreased adrenal sensitivity to ACTH in the late-gestation twin (49).…”

Section: Newborns Blood Cortisol and Glucosesupporting

confidence: 72%

Colostrum traits and newborn body weight and growth: comparison between single and twin underfed sheep pregnancies

Turín,

Sales,

Peralta

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Maternal nutrition during gestation plays an important role in colostrum production, postnatal growth, and survival of newborn lambs, especially in twin gestations. This research aimed to investigate the effects of chronic natural undernutrition on colostrum traits and early lamb’s postnatal growth born from single and twin sheep pregnancies developed in a restrictive prairie, representative of southern Patagonia. Single- and twin-bearing ewes (n = 20 per group) were maintained grazing in a natural pasture. At 140 days of gestation, ewes were placed in individual pens for lambing control. Colostrum was collected immediately after delivery and at 12, 24, and 36 h postpartum, for determination of yield and composition. Maternal blood was obtained at 140 days of gestation and at lambing for plasma glucose, progesterone, 17β-estradiol, and IgG determination. Newborn lamb blood for determining glycaemia and IgG was collected at birth and at 12, 24, 36, and 120 h after birth. Lamb mortality and growth was assessed from birth until 30 days of life. No differences were observed in progesterone and 17β-estradiol. There were no differences in colostrum yields and fat components, however single- had higher values of protein and lactose than twin-bearing ewes (p < 0.05 for both). Singletons had higher glycaemia than twins at 12 h postpartum (102.2 ± 32.8 vs. 73.4 ± 29.9 mg/dL, p < 0.05). Colostrum IgG content was similar at delivery but higher in single ewes at 12 and 24 h, reaching a similar values at 36 h (4.7 ± 9.7 and 5.8 ± 7.7 mg/mL in single and twin pregnancies, respectively). Newborn IgG was higher in singletons compared to twins at least until 48 h of life. Lams body weight was always superior in singleton than twins from birth until 30 days of life. Mortality did not differ during the first week of life, but it increased significantly only in twins until day 30 of life. Undernourishment in pregnant ewes affected colostrum quantity and quality, resulting in a lower postnatal growth and a higher mortality in twins. Alternative managements favoring fetal growth, birth weight and neonatal viability in twin sheep pregnancies are needed, when flocks are breed under harsh environments.

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Overnutrition of Ewe in Late Gestation and the Impact on Placental Efficiency and Lamb’s Performance

Sousa

Esteves

Daher

et al. 2022

Animals

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The objective of the study was to evaluate energy or energy/protein supplementation in the ewe diet, in the last third of gestation, on maternal placental and endocrine characteristics, as well as its effects on the behavior of neonatal lambs and productive performance until weaning. A total of 128 ewes were used, and the experimental diet was fed from 100 days gestation until lambing, with the birth of 172 lambs. The ewes were distributed into three treatments: CTL (control, n = 43) with metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) intake according to NRC (1985); ME (energy supplementation, n = 44) plus 21% ME; and MECP (energy/protein supplementation, n = 41) plus 26% ME and CP. Body weight, body condition score, serum hormone concentrations, placental characteristics, lamb performance and behavior, and production efficiency of the ewe from lambing to weaning were measured. ME and MECP ewes were heavier before (p = 0.006) and just after lambing (p = 0.002) and had higher serum triiodothyronine (p = 0.001) and cortisol (p = 0.004) concentrations on the day of lambing. ME ewes had higher placental efficiency (p = 0.036) and lower total cotyledon weight (p = 0.011). ME and MECP diets increased both lamb birth weight (p = 0.015) and weaning weight (p = 0.009). Production efficiency at birth and at weaning was not influenced (p > 0.05) by treatments. Lamb behavior was influenced by the ME and MECP diets, reducing the time to kneel (p ≤ 0.05), to try to stand (p ≤ 0.05), and the latency to stand (p ≤ 0.005). It is concluded that overnutrition in the last third of gestation was positive for the ovine production system, with improved production rates, hormonal profile, placental characteristics, and neonatal behavior.

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Major differences between single or twin hair lambs in the immediate postpartum period: Metabolic and thermodynamic patterns detected by infrared thermography

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Global gene expression profiling of perirenal brown adipose tissue whitening in goat kids reveals novel genes linked to adipose remodeling

Global gene expression profiling of perirenal brown adipose tissue whitening in goat kids reveals novel genes linked to adipose remodeling

Colostrum traits and newborn body weight and growth: comparison between single and twin underfed sheep pregnancies

Overnutrition of Ewe in Late Gestation and the Impact on Placental Efficiency and Lamb’s Performance

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