Majorana vortex photons a form of entangled photons propagation through brain tissue

Abstract

This paper extends the concept of entangled vector vortex beams as a form of Majorana‐like photons. Majorana photon quasi particles are introduced and attributed to a class of entangled vector beams and show higher transmission. These photons and the antiphotons are identical. A Majorana photon has within itself both right and left handed twists. These majorana beams travel at speeds other than speed of light, c in free space. Light transmission of Majorana photon vortex beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) are investigated in a mouse brain at different local regions showing enhanced transmission and properties of being entangled. This work is new interpretation of our past paper of mixed photon beam states. The transmission change observed with Majorana structured light other than linear polarization is attributed to the nonseparable and mixed nature of radial and azimuthal polarizations with OAM and the handedness of the light passing through chiral brain media. These mixed nonhomogeneous beams are entangled in OAM and polarization. Majorana photons may play an important role in the future for quantum and optical computing and sub and super luminal speeds due to its traversal wave vector, k.

Recent Advances in the Laser Radiation Transport through the Head Tissues of Humans and Animals – A Review

“…Majorana-like photons arise from a class of vector photon beams, which are entangled states where the state and complex transpose are identical [57]. Majorana photons have within itself locally both right and left-handed chirality.…”

“…Majorana photons have within itself locally both right and left-handed chirality. The light transmission of Majorana and non-Majorana photon vortex beams were investigated in a chiral media with orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a mouse brain at different local regions showing enhanced transmission and properties of being entangled [57,58]. As a result, a higher transmission change and moderate variation with respect to OAM values were observed with Majorana vector beams, which is attributed to their nonseparability property and dual chirality nature.…”

High-precision Quantum Transmitometry of DNA and Methylene-Blue using a Frequency-Entangled Twin-Photon Beam in Type-I SPDC

“…Some well-known physical technologies in the context of the quantum light-matter interaction, such as optical spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, and tomography have been employed for understanding biological structure and disease treatment to medical diagnosis. Beyond these, recently, the SPDC-/entanglement-based methods, have attracted interests to be applied in the field of biology and medicine from different points of view such as metrology, phenomenology, philosophy and consciousness [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In Refs.…”

“…In Refs. [30][31][32][33][34][35], the effect of brain tissues with different thicknesses, type and ages on the entangled state has been investigated. High-precision protein concentrometry and tomography of the biological samples such as onion-skin tissue have been done through entangled photons in Refs.…”

“…Inspired by the above-mentioned investigations, and using the extension of the Klyshko method [26] we are motivated to measure the transmittance of DNA and Methylene-Blue (MB) solutions through frequency-entanglement, as a practical meaningful optical parameter unlike the Refs. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In cancer therapy and genetic sciences, the measurement of DNA concentrations, identification/detection of the different types of DNAs or even diagnosis of DNAs with different concentrations are essential to biologists and medicines.…”