Making a presumptive diagnosis of urinary tract infection by using a urinalysis performed in an on-site laboratory

Lohr, Jacob A.; Portilla, Maria G.; Geuder, Tami G.; Dunn, Melissa L.; Dudley, Sharon M.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83481-x

Cited by 86 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The authors suggest that both urine analysis methods can be used for a quick diagnostic. Other authors obtained similar results (Vangone & Russo 1985, Vickers et al 1991, Lohr et al 1993, Al-Daghistani & Abdel-Dayem 2002. Taneja et al (2010) evaluated the usefulness of the reagent strip (leukocyte esterase and nitrite) and of the microscopic examination of the urine for diagnosing UTI and concluded that these techniques must be used jointly for added safety in quickly UTI diagnosing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de infecções do trato urinário em porcas

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT.-Mazutti K., Locatelli-Dittrich R., Lunardon I., Kuchiishi S.S., Lara A.C., Zotti E. & Alberton G.C. 2013. Evaluation of the reagent test strips and microscopic examination of urine in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in sows. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(9):1103-1108. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Medicina Veterinária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Campus Curitiba, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil. E-mail: kelly.mazutti@pucpr.brThe diagnosis of the urinary tract infection (UTI) in sows is usually performed by using reagent test strips, since it is a fast and practical method, and capable of being done at the farm. The microscopic examination of the urine is rarely used at the farm since it is a more time consuming and difficult technique. However, there are no studies on the accuracy of those two techniques for the UTI diagnosis on this species. This study aims to assess the accuracy of the reagent test strip and the urine microscopic examination in the diagnosis of ITU in sows, comparing them with the bacteriological examination of urine. In order to select the sows for this study, a chemical reagent test strip was carried out previously and a total of 139 sows were selected, 66 sows of which showed positivity to nitrite in the reagent test strip and 73 without nitrituria. Then, the next day, a new sample collection for performing a complete urinalysis was carried out from those 139 sows, which included physical, chemical, microscopic and microbiological examination of these urine samples. The results revealed that the nitrite test of the reagent strip showed 100% of specificity and 93% of sensitivity. The specificity of the microscopic examination for bacteriuria was 82% and the sensitivity was 100%. The UTI diagnosis by using reagent strips and/or the urine sediment test is reliable if compared to the urine bacteriological examination, which makes possible the rapid diagnosis of UTI in sows at the farm. RESUMO.-[Precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de infecções do trato urinário em porcas.] O diagnóstico de infecção do trato urinário (ITU) em porcas geralmente é feito com o auxílio de tiras reagentes, por ser um método rápido, prático e passível de ser realizado na própria granja. O exame microscópico da urina raramente é utilizado em granjas por ser uma técnica mais demorada e trabalhosa. No entanto, não existem estudos sobre a precisão destas duas técni-cas no diagnóstico de ITU nesta espécie. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de ITU em porcas, comparando-os com o exame bacteriológico da urina. Para selecionar as porcas que iriam compor o estudo foi realizado um exame químico prévio com tira reagente, do qual foram selecionadas 139 porcas, 66 positivas para nitrito na tira reagente e 73 negativas. No dia seguinte foi realizada uma nova coleta de urina destas 139 porcas para realização d...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de infecções do trato urinário em porcas

et al. 2013

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“…45,47,53,55,59,60,62,70,[72][73][74][75]78,81,84,89,91,101,105,[110][111][112]230 More than half (17/23) of these studies did not include an appropriate spectrum of patients, and patient selection criteria were often inadequately described. Avoidance of test review bias was poorly reported; 14 out of the 23 studies did not report whether those interpreting results were blinded to the results of other tests.…”

Section: Nitritementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the remaining six studies where culture was the reference standard, one study used 10 4 cfu ml -1 as the cut-off point, 230 one used 50,000 cfu ml -1 , 60 and the others used more than one urine sampling technique (and, correspondingly, more than one cut-off point) per study (see Table 11). 47,53,81,84 In general, studies found relatively poor sensitivity with high specificity. Sensitivity ranged from 16.2% (specificity 97.6%) to 88.1% (specificity 100%).…”

Section: Nitritementioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tests for the diagnosis and investigation of urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and economic model

Whiting¹,

Westwood²,

Bojke³

et al. 2006

Health Technol Assess

133

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The results of the systematic review were used to derive an algorithm for the diagnosis of UTI in children under 5. This algorithm represents the conclusions of the review in terms of effective practice. There were insufficient data to propose an algorithm for the further investigation of UTI in children under 5. The quality assessment highlighted several areas that could be improved upon in future diagnostic accuracy studies.

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“…This finding supported other studies that reported the usefulness of urinary Gramstain in diagnosing UTI. [23][24][25][26][27] We had several limitations in our study. The subjects represented only about one-third of the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary tract infection among neonatal sepsis of late-onset in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

Amelia¹,

Amir²,

Trihono³

2016

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, MD, MM(Paed) association with neonatal sepsis. It is often difficult to identify whether UTI was the cause or the effect of bacteremia. 1-3 The prevalence of UTI among late-onset sepsis neonates in developed countries varies from 7.4 to 25.3%, with higher rates in preterm infants. [4][5][6][7][8] UTI at very young age has the potential for lifelong morbidity. Progressive renal damage in early childhood may lead to hypertension and chronic renal failure later in life. 2,9 The clinical manifestations of UTI in the neonatal period may vary and are nonspecific, as well as the sepsis itself. 1-3,10 Urinalysis and urine culture as well as lumbar puncture for late-onset neonatal sepsis are part of a full septic-work up, 10 but are not routinely done in our neonatal ward. It is important to recognize whether there is pyelonephritis in a neonate who shows clinical signs of sepsis in order to provide appropriate treatment. However, proper procedures in obtaining urine samples for culture are invasive and have potential risks for trauma and infection. 2,9 The objective of our study was to define the prevalence and microbiological pattern of UTI among neonates with late-onset sepsis in the neonatal ward of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.T he urinary tract is a common site of infection in infants and young children. 1 Urinary tract infection (UTI) in neonates often occur in ABSTRACTBackground Urine culture, as part of a full septic work-up for

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Making a presumptive diagnosis of urinary tract infection by using a urinalysis performed in an on-site laboratory

Cited by 86 publications

References 11 publications

Precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de infecções do trato urinário em porcas

Precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de infecções do trato urinário em porcas

Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of tests for the diagnosis and investigation of urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and economic model

Urinary tract infection among neonatal sepsis of late-onset in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

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