Making Microfluidic Devices that Simulate Phloem Transport

Comtet, Jean

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9562-2_30

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“…The contribution of microfluidics to the understanding of sugar transport in plants has once again been demonstrated by Comtet et al with a chip allowing for study of the coupling between the long-distance transport of sugars and their passive loading inside the phloem cells by diffusion at the production sites. , This multilevel microfluidic chip, shown in Figure , integrates two cellulose ester dialysis membranes with different MWCOs (and thus hydraulic permeabilities ) to induce both a bulk flow similar to that of the Münch mechanism and a resistance to the diffusive loading of the sugars (here, dextrans) from the source to the phloem. Here again, the versatility of microfluidic tools in which the different resistances to mass transport can be adjusted (e.g., by playing with the geometry) makes it possible to validate simplified transport models and to highlight the relevant limiting regimes for real trees …”

Section: Microfluidic Passive Pumpingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Evaporation, Pervaporation, and Osmosis: From Passive Pumping to Solute Concentration

2021

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Evaporation, pervaporation, and forward osmosis are processes leading to a mass transfer of solvent across an interface: gas/liquid for evaporation and solid/liquid (membrane) for pervaporation and osmosis. This Review provides comprehensive insight into the use of these processes at the microfluidic scales for applications ranging from passive pumping to the screening of phase diagrams and micromaterials engineering. Indeed, for a fixed interface relative to the microfluidic chip, these processes passively induce flows driven only by gradients of chemical potential. As a consequence, these passive-transport phenomena lead to an accumulation of solutes that cannot cross the interface and thus concentrate solutions in the microfluidic chip up to high concentration regimes, possibly up to solidification. The purpose of this Review is to provide a unified description of these processes and associated microfluidic applications to highlight the differences and similarities between these three passive-transport phenomena.

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