Making of iron nugget from concentrated iron sand using mini-sized rotary kiln

Abstract

The availability of energy becomes a major problem in the construction of iron mineral-based smelter to produce ferrous metals in the form of pig iron. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the Krupp-Renn technology that based on coal as a reducing agent to produce pig iron in the form of nuggets. Such a technology employs a rotary kiln that consumes less energy than other furnaces. In this study, reduction process of iron sand concentrates with coal as the reductant was accomplished in a minisized rotary kiln (0.6 m diameter and 6 m length). The process of iron nugget making from iron sand concentrate was conducted in two (2) stages, namely oxidation and reduction processes. The former was accomplished at a temperature above 800°C for 2 (two) hours to produce hematite phase. While the later was carried out at 1250-1300°C for 6-8 hours. Both processes produced iron nuggets that contained more than 90% Fe. The highest Fe content reached 96.49% Fe. Such a nugget could meet the requirement for steel making.Keywords: iron nugget, rotary kiln, Krupp-Renn technology, concentrated iron sand, oxidation and reduction processes. ABSTRAK Ketersediaan energi menjadi masalah utama dalam pendirian smelter berbasis mineral besi untuk menghasilkan produk logam besi dalam bentuk besi wantah, maka teknologi

Produksi Besi Dan Terak Titanium Kadar Tinggi Dari Konsentrat Pasir Besi Atau Titanomagnetit: Ulasan Literatur [Production of Iron and High Purity Titanium Slag From Iron Sand or Titanomagnetite Concentrate: Literature Review]

“…Suhu yang tinggi juga menyebabkan aglomerasi partikel halus yang memiliki titik leleh rendah. Hal ini dapat dicegah dengan memilih material feed yang memiliki kandungan pengotor rendah, batu bara dengan kadar abu rendah, reaktivitas tinggi, titik leleh tinggi dan swelling index rendah [34].…”