Making Revolution with Shining Path

Marks, Tom

doi:10.1007/978-1-137-05210-0_10

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…At first glance, Marks's (1994) rational choice approach appears to offer a convincing alternative to the ideational perspective. Rather than stressing Sendero's seemingly irrational world-view, Marks argues that Sendero's anti-left terror was a highly rational 'selective incentive' aimed at persuading journal of PEACE RESEARCH volume 38 / number 5 / september 2001 576 reluctant individuals unwilling to support the movement.…”

Section: Violence As a 'Selective Incentive'mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ideology in Context: Explaining Sendero Luminoso's Tactical Escalation

Ron¹

2001

Journal of Peace Research

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This article explains tactical escalation by a Peruvian left-wing group during the 1980s and 1990s as an interaction effect between organizational ideology and the broader political and organizational environment. In 1980, Peru's Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) organization ended a decade of political organizing and launched armed struggle against a new civilian government. Peru had been governed since 1968 by military officers, but popular pressure, including strong left-wing protests, had forced the military to cede control. In responding to democratization with revolution rather than electoral participation, Sendero broke with the rest of Peru's Marxist left. In 1983, Sendero again escalated its tactics, initiating a campaign of violent intimidation against Peru's legal left. By 1996, according to data assembled for this study, the group had selectively assassinated some 300 prominent Peruvian leftists. For theorists of revolutions and social movements, Sendero's tactical trajectory poses two important puzzles. First, many revolutionary theorists believe that transitions from authoritarianism to elections decrease armed insurgency. Why, then, did Peru's democratization provoke Sendero's escalation? Second, Sendero might well have been expected to cooperate with other left-wing groups, rather than to attack them so brutally. Why did Sendero choose an alternative path? The group's anti-left measures are all the more puzzling given the opposition they provoked among potential allies at home and abroad. This article explains Sendero's choices by drawing on political opportunity theory, theories of organizational competition, and the concept of declining protest cycles. Democratization can promote greater levels of strife if small but violence-prone groups fear marginalization in electoral politics. A dense left-wing social movement sector, moreover, can stimulate internecine competitive fighting if only some of the movement's members accept the legitimacy of national elections.

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Section: Violence As a 'Selective Incentive'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Marks (1994) (McClintock, 1998: 59-60). Sendero faced a spectrum of possible choices when responding to intra-left competition, with assassination being only one of many options.…”

Section: Empirical Puzzle #1: Why Did Sendero Initiate Political Violence In 1980?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ideology in Context: Explaining Sendero Luminoso's Tactical Escalation

Ron¹

2001

Journal of Peace Research

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“…Косвенно опираясь на анализ теории коллективных действий М. Олсона (Olson, 1971), Т. Маркс (Marks, 1994) дает свое объяснение террору, развязанному организацией. Насилие и страх, по его мнению, это неотъемлемые элементы убеждения недостаточно мотивированных к сотрудничеству.…”

Section: основная частьunclassified

Terror as an Integral Component in the Theory and Practice of “Sendero Luminoso”. Factors of Senderist Ideology Radicalisation

Magomedov¹

2021

Manuscript

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Материалы журнала доступны на сайте (articles and issues available at): manuscript-journal.ru RUТеррор как неотъемлемый компонент в теории и практике «Сендеро Луминосо». Факторы радикализации сендеристской идеологии Магомедов Р. М.Аннотация. Цель исследования заключается в определении причин и истоков обращения к террористическим способам борьбы в деятельности маоистской леворадикальной организации «Сендеро Луминосо» («Светлый путь»). Помимо освещения вопросов и точек зрения, связанных с проблемой ужесточения мировоззрения организации, раскрывается значение тактики устрашения, осуществляемой данной леворадикальной группой против государственных институтов и конкурентов из левого лагеря. Научная новизна определяется проведением комплексного анализа исследований зарубежных авторов, интерпретирующих проблему применения организацией Абимаэля Гусмана террористических методов. В результате исследования было выявлено, что готовность к применению насильственных способов воздействия на массы является естественной чертой всей сендеристской философии, сформировавшейся под влиянием внешних и внутренних условий.

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“…The gender variations reflect the cultural and social differences of both regions, and help to explain the distribution patterns of this population. One interpretation addressed by Tarazona-Sevillano (1992), Andreas (1992) and Marks (1992), involves the somewhat more ample and egalitarian participation of women in productive activities in the Andean communities; another one has to do with the conception in Andean cultures of work experienced as part of the socialization process of children, and therefore not detrimental to children's development (Boyden, 1988).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

School Attendance and Achievement in a Population of Ecuadorian Underage Street Workers

Viteri¹

2000

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Making Revolution with Shining Path

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Ideology in Context: Explaining Sendero Luminoso's Tactical Escalation

Ideology in Context: Explaining Sendero Luminoso's Tactical Escalation

Terror as an Integral Component in the Theory and Practice of “Sendero Luminoso”. Factors of Senderist Ideology Radicalisation

School Attendance and Achievement in a Population of Ecuadorian Underage Street Workers

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