This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Introduction Many attempts to apply quality management practices have been carried out in healthcare services (Ruiz & Simon, 2004), which generally lack an efficient management system. Long waiting times, unnecessary increase in the number of examinations, high operating costs, staff shortages, and medical errors are some of the recurring problems in health services (Silberstein, 2006). In this sense, it is necessary for managers and leaders of healthcare organizations to understand their processes, improving them in order to provide a treatment that is safer, more efficient and better qualifyed. In recent years, discussions have centered on the potential of applying principles