Making the World More Sustainable: Enabling Localized Energy Generation and Distribution on Decentralized Smart Grid Systems

Bhatti, Harrison John; Danilovic, Mike

doi:10.4236/wjet.2018.62022

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Timmons et al [24] pointed out that costs of renewable energy will be reduced more, while costs of fossil fuels are expected to grow. Furthermore, Bhatti and Danilovic [1] stated that in decentralized and localized systems, electricity is distributed to specific geographic areas. Therefore, if electricity is generated in the same place where consumers live, the distribution and transmission costs will be reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the distribution of power generation system is moving from traditional grid systems to smart grid systems. This emerging change in the electricity industry can meet the future demand for electricity and provide clean energy at a low price and flexible solutions to the consumers [1].…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this modern era, on the one hand, the demand for electricity is increasing while on the other hand, fossil fuels are depleting which are used for power generation. Therefore, Bhatti et al [1] and Grace [2] stated that one of the reasons for high-cost electricity delivery and inflexibility is the dependence on a centralized system of power generation and old technology in energy distribution systems. The centralized power generation system mainly relies on non-renewable energy sources to produce electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Business Model Innovation Approach for Commercializing Smart Grid Systems

Bhatti¹,

Danilovic²

2018

AJIBM

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The depletion of fossil fuels, increased environmental concerns, rising cost and the demand for clean energy are causing the transformation of energy generation and distribution system, to shift towards the consumption side. Electricity generation sources and distribution systems are drifting from non-renewable to renewable, centralized to decentralized and localized, and traditional grid systems to smart grid systems. New technologies nurture the concept of transformation of energy firms, all the way from energy production to electricity consumption. Smart grid systems are one of the disruptive and emerging technologies that might influence the entire electricity system. This disruptive technology demands a new business model which can be used to commercialize the new power distribution system and thus create value for all stakeholders, from production to consumption. The Smart grid has the potential to revolutionize the electricity industry if it is commercialized successfully. It allows information and communication technology firms to contribute with their modern technology to empower their consumers to regulate the usage of electricity. To investigate the reasons for shifting from the old to the new energy system, the impact of this disruptive technology on energy providing firms, the demand for the new business model and the approach of the new business model in terms of creating and capturing values published peer-reviewed articles, and international energy agency reports have been reviewed. This paper encourages energy providing firms to redesign business models for commercializing new energy distribution system and to offer new services to the energy consumers for their future survival in the new trends of the energy market. These services include integrating with renewable energy sources, electric vehicle services, and demand response services to create more value for the consumers and in return gains more profit for each actor. The services provided through integration of renewable energy with smart grid and the electric vehicle will empower consumers involvement in the How to cite this paper: Bhatti, H.J. and Danilovic, M.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Business Model Innovation Approach for Commercializing Smart Grid Systems

Bhatti¹,

Danilovic²

2018

AJIBM

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“…In many developed countries, as well as places where centralized power supply is unavailable, for example, islands or, as is typical for Russia, a huge number of regions that have difficulties with access to power supply, in which RES will be competitive, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of distributed power supply to consumers [10,11]. To meet this energy need, 77% of global demand refers to buying a home solar system.…”

Section: Current Level Of Development Of Renewable Energy Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution for renewable future

et al. 2019

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Nowadays renewable energy sources are actively promoted as the most sustainable types of power to drive electricity generation of the future. Distributed generation with the use of wind turbines, solar panel, and biological fuel may become an answer to the numerous challenges which large power grids are facing. But integration of renewable energy based generation facilities requires not only availability of special technical means but also establishing of new types of trading patterns and platforms are necessary. This article provides the concept of smart billing system which allows to involve single households to the progressive type of energy consumption and generation and creates the new type of energy system and market participantprosumer. Two types of billing approaches are suggested for households equipped with renewable energy sources based generation facilities. The first one implies that generated energy is consumed by the household itself and the second one implies that surplus of generated energy is sold to the grid. As calculation has shown the first pattern is beneficial for small facilities which in overall don't have a large surplus in generation over consumption. And the second one is beneficial for those who generate more than they consume.

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“…DES provides energy supply to critical facilities during emergency and outage, reduces energy storage cost, ensures fault tolerance and local accountability. However, frequent intermittency of RES's outputs at participants level can make DES complex [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging Blockchain Technology for Secure Energy Trading and Least-Cost Evaluation of Decentralized Contributions to Electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa

Dahunsi

Almogren

Javaid

et al. 2020

Entropy

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The International Energy Agency has projected that the total energy demand for electricity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is expected to rise by an average of 4% per year up to 2040. It implies that~620 million people are living without electricity in SSA. Going with the 2030 vision of the United Nations that electricity should be accessible to all, it is important that new technology and methods are provided. In comparison to other nations worldwide, smart grid (SG) is an emerging technology in SSA. SG is an information technology-enhanced power grid, which provides a two-way communication network between energy producers and customers. Also, it includes renewable energy, smart meters, and smart devices that help to manage energy demands and reduce energy generation costs. However, SG is facing inherent difficulties, such as energy theft, lack of trust, security, and privacy issues. Therefore, this paper proposes a blockchain-based decentralized energy system (BDES) to accelerate rural and urban electrification by improving service delivery while minimizing the cost of generation and addressing historical antipathy and cybersecurity risk within SSA. Additionally, energy insufficiency and fixed pricing schemes may raise concerns in SG, such as the imbalance of order. The paper also introduces a blockchain-based energy trading system, which includes price negotiation and incentive mechanisms to address the imbalance of order. Moreover, existing models for energy planning do not consider the effect of fill rate (FR) and service level (SL). A blockchain levelized cost of energy (BLCOE) is proposed as the least-cost solution that measures the impact of energy reliability on generation cost using FR and SL. Simulation results are presented to show the performance of the proposed model and the least-cost option varies with relative energy generation cost of centralized, decentralized and BDES infrastructure. Case studies of Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Liberia, Mali, and Senegal illustrate situations that are more suitable for BDES. For other SSA countries, BDES can cost-effectively service a large population and regions. Additionally, BLCOE reduces energy costs by approximately 95% for battery and 75% for the solar modules. The future BLCOE varies across SSA on an average of about 0.049 $/kWh as compared to 0.15 $/kWh of an existing system in the literature.

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Making the World More Sustainable: Enabling Localized Energy Generation and Distribution on Decentralized Smart Grid Systems

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Business Model Innovation Approach for Commercializing Smart Grid Systems

Business Model Innovation Approach for Commercializing Smart Grid Systems

Solution for renewable future

Leveraging Blockchain Technology for Secure Energy Trading and Least-Cost Evaluation of Decentralized Contributions to Electrification in Sub-Saharan Africa

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