Maladaptive Variants of Conscientiousness and Agreeableness

Abstract

Although reasonably strong support has been obtained for the Five-Factor Model's (FFM) ability to account for the existing personality disorder (PD) constructs, the support for obsessive-compulsive PD (OCPD) and dependent PD (DPD) has been relatively less consistent. Specifically, the expected correlation between OCPD and the FFM trait of Conscientiousness has varied in magnitude across studies while DPD has, at times, also evinced rather weak relationships with FFM Agreeableness. We determined that these inconsistencies were due primarily to the reliance on FFM measures that lack adequate fidelity to assess the maladaptive aspects of high Conscientiousness and Agreeableness. When alternative measures were utilized, the correlations were generally large and in line with expectations. We conclude that OCPD and DPD can be fruitfully conceptualized within the FFM but encourage the use of measures that provide a comprehensive assessment of both the adaptive and maladaptive aspects of the FFM traits.

Propriedades psicométricas da versão revisada da dimensão necessidade de atenção do inventário dimensional clínico da personalidade

“…O instrumento foi escolhido por ser da mesma natureza que o IDCP (autorrelato) e pela robustez empírica do modelo implícito (Modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores), mesmo a literatura sugerindo algumas difi culdades do instrumento na mensuração das características patológicas da personalidade (Lynam, 2012;Miller, 2012;Samuel & Gore, 2012;Widiger & Costa, 2012). Também as dimensões foram escolhidas pela proximidade apontada pela literatura com o funcionamento histriônico (Widiger & Lowe, 2008), intimamente relacionado à dimensão Necessidade de Atenção.…”

Five-factor model of personality disorders: Spanish normative data and validation

“…The difficulties in OCPD and Histrionic PD, with lowest agreement degree between the two estimates, diagnostic parameters and convergent correlation, confirmed FFM-PD inability to estimate these PDs. In the case of OCPD, this relates to NEO PI-R inefficiency to evaluate the maladaptive personality in the pole of high responsibility, as 90% of items in this dimension are related to the adaptive personality evaluation (Bastiaansen, Rossi, & De Fruyt, 2013;Samuel & Gore, 2012;Samuel & Widiger, 2011). Similar difficulties concur in Histrionic PD, with this PD associated to high scores on personality traits which may also be inadequately assessed in NEO PI-R.…”

“…Similar difficulties concur in Histrionic PD, with this PD associated to high scores on personality traits which may also be inadequately assessed in NEO PI-R. This is so because few elements of this questionnaire are designed to evaluate maladaptivity at the upper ends of relevant facets from the Extraversion, Openness and Agreeableness dimensions (Bastiaansen et al, 2013;Samuel & Gore, 2012).…”

First principles of Hamiltonian medicine

“…For example (1) Dependent personality disorder involves extreme levels of dependence-related and attachment-related behaviour in conjunction with maladaptively high expression of the five-factor model personality dimension of agreeableness [148]. This condition has been interpreted as involving pathologically elevated levels of altruism and self-sacrifice [148,149], and may be mediated by 'overly secure' attachment. By contrast, narcissistic and antisocial personality disorders can be interpreted in the context of pathologically high levels of selfishness (and low agreeableness) [150], at an opposite extreme.…”