Malakoplakia of liver: Report of two cases

Botros, Noha; Yan, Sen; Wanless, Ian R.

doi:10.1016/j.prp.2014.03.004

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Rhodococcus equi, a gram-positive cocci-bacillus, has been associated with pulmonary malakoplakia in particular with those with HIV infection, as well as transplant recipients (10). Other associated pathogens include mycobacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasturella multocida, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Whipple's disease and syphilis (3,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). In addition, concomitant infections with non-bacterial agents including Candida albicans, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, parasites such as Taenia species and viruses including Herpes simplex and Human papilloma virus have been described (3,12,(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malakoplakia in Thoracic Transplant Recipients

Lane

Kradin

Xia

et al. 2019

Transplantation Proceedings

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Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous disease characterized by the presence of Michaelis-Gutmann bodies on histopathologic analysis. Lesions manifest in a wide range of organs with cutaneous, gastrointestinal and genitourinary systems being most common and often result in significant co-morbidities owing largely to misdiagnoses and the similar appearance to malignancy or granulomatous processes. Most patients are immunocompromised, including the solid organ transplant population. Amongst organ recipients, malakoplakia is most commonly seen in renal transplantation, and only rarely reported in thoracic organ recipients. Here, we report two cases of malakoplakia in thoracic transplant patients that highlight the critical need for tissue diagnosis to avoid delay in management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malakoplakia in Thoracic Transplant Recipients

Lane

Kradin

Xia

et al. 2019

Transplantation Proceedings

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“…Mass forming tumors mimicking malignancy have also been described [6][7][8]. Malakoplakia was initially described and most commonly found in the genitourinary tract but since its initial discovery in the early twentieth century, it has been reported in nearly every organ system, including the gastrointestinal [9][10][11][12][13][14][15], liver [16], central nervous system [17], renal [18], and pulmonary tract [19]. The gastrointestinal tract is the second most common organ system for malakoplakia involvement and it has been seen in association with colonic adenomas and adenocarcinomas [9,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malakoplakia of the gastrointestinal tract: clinicopathologic analysis of 23 cases

Lee

Rubino

et al. 2020

Diagn Pathol

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Background: Malakoplakia is an uncommon, tumor-like inflammatory disease characterized by impaired histiocytes that are unable to completely digest phagocytized bacteria. The genitourinary tract is the most common site of involvement, however, cases have also been described in the gastrointestinal tract, suggesting that it is the second most common site of involvement. This study investigates the clinical and histologic features of malakoplakia in the gastrointestinal tract. Case presentation: For 23 gastrointestinal specimens (biopsies and resections) from patients with a pathologic diagnosis of malakoplakia, we recorded the gender, age, location, primary diagnosis, endoscopic or surgical indication, endoscopic/gross impression and immune status (immunocompromised vs. immunocompetent). Conclusion: Malakoplakia occurred throughout the length of the gastrointestinal tract with most of the cases located in the sigmoid colon and rectum (n = 10); other sites included the transverse and descending colon (n = 4), stomach/gastroesophageal junction (n = 4), appendix (n = 2), cecum (n = 1), small bowel (n = 1), and the peri-anal area (n = 1). Endoscopically, these lesions most commonly appeared as polyps (n = 10) or masses (n = 5), other clinical endoscopic impressions varied from a thickened area/fibrosis to mucosal erythema. Most patients were immunocompromised due to a disease state (e.g. organ transplantation, cancer diagnosis, autoimmune condition) and/or medication effect. Eight patients with malakoplakia were on immunosuppressive medications (8/23, 35%). Common immunosuppressed disease states included cancer (n = 9), autoimmune disease (n = 5), status post organ transplantation (n = 4), diabetes (n = 5), infection/sepsis (n = 3), and HIV/AIDS (n = 1). Some patients had multiple comorbidities (i.e. diabetes and organ transplant). Twenty-one patients with malakoplakia were in an immunosuppressive state (21/23, 91%).

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“…Third, the phagocytosis and digestion functions of macrophages is abnormal, and the macrophages of patients can stretch out pseudopodia to phagocytize bacteria. However, due to the decrease in the microfunction of macrophages, it causes defects in lysosomes, and thus loses its bactericidal ability[ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder malacoplakia: A case report

Wang¹,

Hang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Bladder malacoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous disease. The most common site of the malacoplakia is the urinary system. The etiology of bladder malacoplakia is complex, with its clinical misdiagnosis rate is high. Therefore, exposure to more clinical cases is necessary to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of dysuria. She presented with dysuria, frequent urination, urgency, pain, and absence of hematuria and pyuria. After the examination, bladder tumor electrocision was performed under combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia on September 6, 2021. During the operation, electrotomy and electrocoagulation were performed. The operation was then followed by anti-infection treatment, and the patient recovered well. The postoperative pathology was diagnosed as bladder malacoplakia by light and electron microscopic analyses. On a follow-up after 4 mo, no significant difference between electrotomy and electrocoagulation was found, with both achieving a curative effect. CONCLUSION Diagnosing bladder malacoplakia depends on histopathological examination. Antibiotic treatment with bladder tumor resection or electrocoagulation provides better therapeutic effect.

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Malakoplakia of liver: Report of two cases

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Malakoplakia in Thoracic Transplant Recipients

Malakoplakia in Thoracic Transplant Recipients

Malakoplakia of the gastrointestinal tract: clinicopathologic analysis of 23 cases

Bladder malacoplakia: A case report

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