Malaria, Anemia, and Malnutrition in African Children—Defining Intervention Priorities

Ehrhardt, Stephan; Burchard, Gerd; Mantel, Carsten; Cramer, Jakob P.; Kaiser, Sarah; Kubo, Martina; Otchwemah, Rowland N.; Bienzle, Ulrich; Mockenhaupt, Frank P.

doi:10.1086/504688

Cited by 180 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

159

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A possible explanation is because skin infections do not alter dietary intake as much as respiratory infections or gastroenteritis. Other studies have demonstrated a relationship between malaria and nutrtion, 21,22 but the low number of children in this study that is diagnosed with malaria, with a total of 5 makes it hard to show a significant effect. From the result of this study, regarding nutritional status in children, the focus should not be solely on improving the anthropometry status of children, but to also consider the overall health condition, because upper respiratory tract infections and gastroenteritis is caused by many different factors.…”

Section: Relationship Between Weight Gain and Infectioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Relationship Between Growth Rate and Different Types of Infection in Children Under 5 Years on West Papua

Pratomo

2017

IJTID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Relationship Between Weight Gain and Infectioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Relationship Between Growth Rate and Different Types of Infection in Children Under 5 Years on West Papua

Pratomo

2017

IJTID

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…47 Thus, the indirect protection against stunting in children by HbAS might provide a further indirect survival advantage. The observation of a lower risk of malaria but more severe manifestations in carriers of HbSS corresponds to recent data from Tanzania.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differing effects of HbS and HbC traits on uncomplicated falciparum malaria, anemia, and child growth

Kreuels

Kreuzberg

Kobbe

et al. 2010

Blood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The high prevalence of hemoglobin S (HbS) in Africa and hemoglobin C (HbC) in parts of West Africa is caused by the strong protection against severe falciparum malaria during childhood. Much less is known about the effect of HbS and especially HbC on Plasmodium falciparum infection, uncomplicated malaria, and anemia. A total of 1070 children from the Ashanti Region, Ghana, were enrolled at the age of 3 months and visited monthly until 2 years of age. The effects of the ␤-globin genotype on the age-dependent incidence of malaria, levels of parasitemia, and hemoglobin as well as physical development were analyzed by population-averaged models. Infants with HbAS were protected from uncomplicated malaria (P < .005) and anemia (P < .001), had lower age-adjusted parasite densities (P < .001), and higher ageadjusted hemoglobin levels compared with children with the HbAA genotype (P ‫؍‬ .004). In contrast, HbAC carriers had lower hemoglobin levels (P < .033) and were not protected against malaria or anemia. Notably, infants with HbAS were also significantly protected against stunt-

show abstract

“…At the same time, nutrition strongly shapes malaria outcomes: Low levels of key micronutrients account for a substantial proportion of malaria morbidity and mortality (26,94). Improved childhood nutrition is likely to substantially reduce the burden of malaria in the developing world (2,95,96).…”

Section: Health and Disease Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systems science perspective and transdisciplinary models for food and nutrition security

Hammond

Dubé

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

183

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We argue that food and nutrition security is driven by complex underlying systems and that both research and policy in this area would benefit from a systems approach. We present a framework for such an approach, examine key underlying systems, and identify transdisciplinary modeling tools that may prove especially useful.complexity | agri-food | health | disease | environment N utrition is a fundamental human need, affecting health and well-being throughout the lifespan in myriad ways. A central concept in the study of human nutrition is food and nutrition security, which is typically defined as "when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life" (1). The absence of food and nutrition security can have significant consequences for individuals and for society, including malnutrition, obesity, disease, and poverty.Despite rapid growth in agricultural production over the past four decades, significant malnutrition persists. Average per-capita food consumption was below the recommended 2,200 kcal/d in 33 countries in 2003. Globally, more than 850 million people lack adequate access to food on a regular basis, with a third of these in East and Southeast Asia, another third in South Asia, and a quarter in sub-Saharan Africa. In sub-Saharan Africa, one of the most food-insecure regions, the number of hungry people has gone up by 20% since 1990; more than a third of the population is undernourished in such countries as Kenya and Tanzania. There are 126 million underweight children in the world and over 2 billion people who suffer from micronutrient deficiency (2-4).At the same time, there has been an alarming rise in obesity in the developed world (5, 6) and, increasingly, in the developing world as well (7-9). The obesity rate in the United States doubled between 1970 and 2000, to almost 30% (5); worldwide, nearly 1.5 billion people are now overweight or obese (9). Like malnutrition, obesity has significant implications for public health (10, 11) and health care costs (12). Obesity can coexist in the same populations as malnutrition, and it may be linked to the same forces that drive reductions in malnutrition (13, 14). Complexity of Food and Nutrition SecurityBoth phenomena, malnutrition and obesity, are manifestations of widespread food and nutrition insecurity. The determinants of this insecurity are complex. A primary driver of food security or insecurity is the agricultural food system. The agrifood system spans a series of interrelated processes, including production of raw food materials through farming and raising of livestock, processing and packaging for consumption, distribution, and utilization by consumers (15). These processes are affected by a range of influences, including diffusion of agricultural technology (16, 17), functioning of capital markets, infrastructure at both local and regional/global levels, organization of firms and supply chains, sociopolitical factors ...

show abstract

Malaria, Anemia, and Malnutrition in African Children—Defining Intervention Priorities

Cited by 180 publications

References 38 publications

Relationship Between Growth Rate and Different Types of Infection in Children Under 5 Years on West Papua

Relationship Between Growth Rate and Different Types of Infection in Children Under 5 Years on West Papua

Differing effects of HbS and HbC traits on uncomplicated falciparum malaria, anemia, and child growth

A systems science perspective and transdisciplinary models for food and nutrition security

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About