Malaria prevalence and risk analysis among pregnant women in Bungoma county, Kenya

Wekesa, Antony Wanyonyi; Mulambalah, Chrispinus Siteti; Mulama, David H.; Omukunda, Elizabeth

doi:10.5455/medscience.2018.07.8947

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Concerning the type of housing, respondents who had earth floor were about twice as likely to have had positive malaria results compared to those with other type of floors (p = 0.03). These results were supported by another study done by Wekesa et al, (2019) who found out that majority of pregnant women who tested positive smear, were from rural areas. They lived in semi-permanent houses build of mud walls, earthen floors and iron-roofed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Collection of data involved use of both Questionnaire and laboratory test while key informant guide for key informant. Adopted from; Wekesa, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Data Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variability is due to differed climatic and geoecological weather that determines plasmodium species in varied survey areas (Gatechelo, et al, 2015). Moreover, due to different population characteristics and demographic changes in the study area this could significantly influence malaria prevalence (Wekesa, et al, 2019). Accordingly, even though this study was conducted during rainy season, but malaria prevalence was centre of concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In Mt. Elgon Sub County, malaria prevalence rate is 14% in pregnant women (Wekesa, et al, 2019). Observation made in Kenya is that plasmodium falciparum is rated highly as the most species which claims the lives of pregnant women by causing anaemia particularly in primigravidas women (Yatitch, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intriguing Predictors Associated With Malaria Infection Among Pregnant Women in Mt. Elgon Sub County, Kenya

Cyrus¹,

Grace²,

Lonah³

2021

EJHS

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Introduction: Universally, malaria continues to ravage the lives of innocent expectant women. In Kenya malaria prevalence among adult females is 28% while in Mt. Elgon Sub County, which is categorised under highland epidemic prone malaria area, prevalence of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is uncertain. Therefore, this study sought to determine intriguing predictors associated with malaria infection among pregnant women in Mt. Elgon Sub-County. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical design was employed and mixed methods used for data collection. For quantitative data collection, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from pregnant women who attended ANC in selected health facilities in the study area. Further, qualitative approach adopted interview guides that targeted key informants in the health facilities. Systematic random sampling method was used to select 392 participants for the study. Data was analysed by SPSS version 25.0. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between independent variable and dependent variable. Findings: Study results revealed that, the prevalence of MiP was 16.2%. Prevalence was higher among women aged less than 25 (67.3%, n=262) compared to those aged > 25 years (33.7%, n=137). The following five factors were statistically significantly associated with malaria prevalence in pregnancy: place of residence (OR: 5.7; 95%CI: 2.6 – 12.4; p < 0.0001); those who tested positive in the last 2 years (OR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.0 – 2.9; p = 0.05); preferred shape of ITN’s (OR: 3.8; 95%CI: 1.5 – 9.7; p = 0.008);earth floor (OR: 1.8; 95%CI: 1.0 – 3.1; p = 0.03); mud wall (OR: 1.8; 95%CI: 1.0 – 3.1; p = 0.03). In conclusion, age group, place of residence, testing positive in the last 2 years, preferred shape of ITN, earth floor and mud wall were significant factors associated with MiP. Recommendations: To curb MiP, the study recommends Bungoma County government to promote use of ITNs and preferable rectangular ITN’s by ensuring they are translated to appropriate use; support regular indoor residual spraying with insecticides and educate the residents on the role of improved housing on malaria protection and empowerment of the community to adopt improved housing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Collection of data involved use of both Questionnaire and laboratory test while key informant guide for key informant. Adopted from; Wekesa, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Data Collection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Intriguing Predictors Associated With Malaria Infection Among Pregnant Women in Mt. Elgon Sub County, Kenya

Cyrus¹,

Grace²,

Lonah³

2021

EJHS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The burden of the infection in Kenya is non-homogenous with areas surrounding Lake Victoria and the Coastal region representing the highest risk areas with children below five years of age and pregnant women being the most vulnerable to the infection [ 5 , 6 ]. Previous studies conducted in Kenya have indicated varying levels of malaria positivity rates, including hospitalized malaria cases, and which generally range between 4.8% to 70% among children below five years [ 7 , 8 ], and between 1% to 60% among pregnant women [ 9 – 11 ]. However, there is still insufficient surveillance data on malaria infection burden and prevalence among these two vulnerable populations, and this study results contribute to this urgent need of surveillance data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of malaria infection among pregnant women and children below five years of age attending rural health facilities of Kenya: A cross-sectional survey in two counties of Kenya

et al. 2021

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Background In Kenya, health service delivery and access to health care remains a challenge for vulnerable populations, particularly pregnant women and children below five years. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the positivity rate of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in pregnant women and children below five years of age seeking healthcare services at the rural health facilities of Kwale and Siaya counties as well as their access and uptake of malaria control integrated services, like antenatal care (ANC), offered in those facilities. Methods Cluster random sampling method was used to select pregnant women and children below five years receiving maternal and child health services using two cross-sectional surveys conducted in eleven rural health facilities in two malaria endemic counties in western and coastal regions of Kenya. Each consenting participant provided single blood sample for determining malaria parasitaemia using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Results Using PCR technique, the overall malaria positivity rate was 27.9% (95%CI: 20.9–37.2), and was 34.1% (95%CI: 27.1–42.9) and 22.0% (95%CI: 13.3–36.3) in children below five years and pregnant women respectively. Additionally, using microscopy, the overall positivity rate was 39.0% (95%CI: 29.5–51.6), and was 50.4% (95%CI: 39.4–64.5) and 30.6% (95%CI: 22.4–41.7) in children below five years and pregnant women respectively. Siaya County in western Kenya showed higher malaria positivity rates for both children (36.4% and 54.9%) and pregnant women (27.8% and 38.5%) using both PCR and microscopy diagnosis techniques respectively, compared to Kwale County that showed positivity rates of 27.2% and 37.9% for children and 5.2% and 8.6% for pregnant women similarly using both PCR and microscopy techniques respectively. Pregnant women presenting themselves for their first ANC visit were up to five times at risk of malaria infection, (adjusted odds ratio = 5.40, 95%CI: 0.96–30.50, p = 0.046). Conclusion Despite evidence of ANC attendance and administration of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) dosage during these visits, malaria positivity rate was still high among pregnant women and children below five years in these two rural counties. These findings are important to the Kenyan National Malaria Control Programme and will help contribute to improvement of policies on integration of malaria control approaches in rural health facilities.

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Predictors of low birth weight in pregnant women with malaria: a prospective cohort facility-based study in Webuye-Kenya

Mukala,

Mogere,

Kirira

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Malaria is caused by protozoa of the genusPlasmodiumand remains a major public health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its prevalence varies between 9 to 18% with harmful consequences to both the mother and her baby, including adverse pregnancy outcomes such low birth weight, high morbidity, and mortality. However, effective antenatal strategies for improving maternal and child health outcomes through the prevention, early detection, and treatment of malaria in pregnancy, are still lacking in resource-constrained settings. Here, we sought to determine the predictors of low birth weight in pregnant women with malaria in a cohort study in Webuye hospital. Prior to the enrollment of 140 participants, permission was sought from relevant institutions and consent from the participants. Malaria test was conducted either with microscopy or rapid test, and then the cohort splits into malaria positive and negative followed up from the first antenatal visit (March 2022) and delivery (December 2022). Before data collection, training, pre-testing and quality control were duly observed. Data were fed into SPSS 27 version, Chi-square and Fischer’s Exact were used for bi-variate analysis at a p-value less or equal 0.05 (95%). Our results revealed that birth cohort with malaria did not result in significant low birth weight with a relative risk of 0.999, confidence level of 0.926-1.077. The prevalence of low birth weight was 4.6% with 6 cases of which 3 (4.5%) in the negative cohort and 3 (4.7%) in the positive cohort. Anemic pregnant women were 41 (31.5%), HIV were 5 (3,8%), pre-eclampsia was 5 (3.8%), gestational diabetes was 2 (1.5%). Confounding factors, such as anemia, HIV, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes did not influence low birthweight (p-value >0.923). Otherwise, most of the participants were aged 18–25 years, were primigravida, were married, had secondary school level education, earned between 20-30 thousand shillings, were resident in rural areas, and were in their second trimester. Marital status, gestational age and area of residence were associated with malaria with a p-value less than 0.001 and 0.028 respectively.

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Malaria prevalence and risk analysis among pregnant women in Bungoma county, Kenya

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Intriguing Predictors Associated With Malaria Infection Among Pregnant Women in Mt. Elgon Sub County, Kenya

Intriguing Predictors Associated With Malaria Infection Among Pregnant Women in Mt. Elgon Sub County, Kenya

Assessment of malaria infection among pregnant women and children below five years of age attending rural health facilities of Kenya: A cross-sectional survey in two counties of Kenya

Predictors of low birth weight in pregnant women with malaria: a prospective cohort facility-based study in Webuye-Kenya

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